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Wechat: NEXIABET Whatsapp: +66944385708 7 00:00:50,925 --> 00:00:53,762 unlike others on this planet. 8 00:00:54,637 --> 00:00:56,598 Go put you somewhere 9 00:00:56,681 --> 00:01:01,061 where are you always in the farthest part 10 00:01:01,144 --> 00:01:02,437 your capacity. 11 00:01:04,189 --> 00:01:06,274 There is a reason that people have played Go 12 00:01:06,357 --> 00:01:08,077 for thousands and thousands years, right? 13 00:01:09,402 --> 00:01:11,529 Not only that they want to understand Go. 14 00:01:12,781 --> 00:01:16,242 They want to understand what it means. 15 00:01:17,911 --> 00:01:21,498 And maybe it's really what it means to be human. 16 00:01:26,544 --> 00:01:29,130 When I was a kid, I like playing games. 17 00:01:30,215 --> 00:01:32,884 I started with board games like chess. 18 00:01:33,802 --> 00:01:36,471 And then I bought my first computer when I was eight years old 19 00:01:36,554 --> 00:01:38,264 with the victory of the chess tournament. 20 00:01:39,557 --> 00:01:42,185 From that moment on, I felt the computer 21 00:01:42,268 --> 00:01:46,481 is a magic device like this that can extend the power of your mind. 22 00:01:48,900 --> 00:01:50,735 Virtual environments and games, 23 00:01:51,361 --> 00:01:55,156 we think they are the perfect platform to develop and test AI algorithms. 24 00:01:55,949 --> 00:01:59,327 The game is very comfortable, because many of them have scores, 25 00:01:59,410 --> 00:02:02,497 so it's very easy to measure additional progress. 26 00:02:02,872 --> 00:02:06,876 So I will show some videos from the agent system, AI. 27 00:02:06,960 --> 00:02:08,837 So let's start with Breakout. 28 00:02:08,920 --> 00:02:10,880 So here you control bats and balls, 29 00:02:10,964 --> 00:02:13,364 and you try to break through this rainbow colored wall. 30 00:02:13,758 --> 00:02:16,511 The agent system must learn everything for itself, 31 00:02:16,594 --> 00:02:18,054 only from raw pixels. 32 00:02:18,138 --> 00:02:19,806 Don't know what controls it. 33 00:02:19,889 --> 00:02:22,517 It doesn't even know what object is this game. 34 00:02:22,600 --> 00:02:26,771 Now, at the beginning, after 100 matches, you can see that the agent is not very good. 35 00:02:26,855 --> 00:02:28,481 This loses the ball most of the time. 36 00:02:28,565 --> 00:02:30,441 But it starts to feel Hanging that idea 37 00:02:30,525 --> 00:02:32,125 that the bat must go towards the ball. 38 00:02:33,111 --> 00:02:34,612 Now, after 300 matches, 39 00:02:34,696 --> 00:02:36,990 this is as good as because every human being can play this, 40 00:02:37,073 --> 00:02:39,325 and quite a lot balls return every time. 41 00:02:39,409 --> 00:02:40,845 We think, "Well, that's really cool." 42 00:02:40,869 --> 00:02:43,496 But we let the system play for the other 200 matches, 43 00:02:43,580 --> 00:02:44,831 and it does this extraordinary thing. 44 00:02:44,914 --> 00:02:46,207 He found the optimal strategy 45 00:02:46,291 --> 00:02:48,251 is digging a tunnel on the side. 46 00:02:48,334 --> 00:02:50,094 And put the ball around the back of the wall. 47 00:02:50,879 --> 00:02:53,548 Researchers do this, amazing AI developers, 48 00:02:53,631 --> 00:02:56,843 well, they are not so good at Breakout, and they don't know about that strategy. 49 00:02:56,926 --> 00:02:58,779 So, they learn something from their own system, 50 00:02:58,803 --> 00:03:01,347 which, uh, you know, is quite funny and quite instructive, 51 00:03:01,431 --> 00:03:04,183 I think, about the potential for general AI. 52 00:03:04,642 --> 00:03:06,895 So, for us, what's the next step now? 53 00:03:06,978 --> 00:03:10,481 Go is the most complex game, quite a lot, has been designed by humans. 54 00:03:10,565 --> 00:03:12,400 Defeating professional players on Go 55 00:03:12,483 --> 00:03:15,904 is a big challenge that has long existed AI research. 56 00:03:36,966 --> 00:03:38,009 Wow. 57 00:03:39,594 --> 00:03:41,387 You really want to kill me, yeah? 58 00:03:41,930 --> 00:03:44,599 No, I don't want to, but I'm trying to survive. 59 00:03:44,682 --> 00:03:45,934 Yes, that's it. There he is. 60 00:03:46,017 --> 00:03:47,977 I am a professional Go player. 61 00:03:48,061 --> 00:03:49,646 I am also a European Champion. 62 00:03:50,230 --> 00:03:51,689 With that step, 63 00:03:51,773 --> 00:03:53,316 You will lose sure. 64 00:03:53,399 --> 00:03:56,110 You like to beat me but then you panic. 65 00:03:56,611 --> 00:03:59,822 You fear that victory will run away from you. 66 00:03:59,906 --> 00:04:03,534 In general, when you are afraid, victory always avoids you. 67 00:04:05,703 --> 00:04:07,205 I was born in China. 68 00:04:07,664 --> 00:04:10,875 When I am 18 years old, I want to change my life. 69 00:04:11,417 --> 00:04:13,169 That's why I went to France. 70 00:04:14,128 --> 00:04:16,506 I want to try to forget Go. 71 00:04:17,882 --> 00:04:19,300 But that's not possible. 72 00:04:19,884 --> 00:04:23,972 Because all the things I learned in my life are through Go. 73 00:04:25,056 --> 00:04:26,432 It's like a mirror. 74 00:04:27,225 --> 00:04:30,561 When I see Go, I also see myself. 75 00:04:32,272 --> 00:04:34,399 For me, Go is real life. 76 00:04:40,238 --> 00:04:41,447 Dear, Mr. Fan. 77 00:04:41,823 --> 00:04:43,449 My name is Demis Hassabis. 78 00:04:44,659 --> 00:04:48,413 I run an artificial intelligence company based in London called DeepMind. 79 00:04:49,289 --> 00:04:51,291 As the strongest Go player in Europe, 80 00:04:51,374 --> 00:04:53,918 we want to invite you to our office in London, 81 00:04:54,002 --> 00:04:56,421 both of them to meet you personally and share with you 82 00:04:56,504 --> 00:04:58,840 interesting Go project that we do. 83 00:04:59,882 --> 00:05:01,802 If you are interested come to visit us, 84 00:05:01,884 --> 00:05:03,052 please let us know. 85 00:05:03,803 --> 00:05:06,806 Thank you very much. Salam, Demis. 86 00:05:08,266 --> 00:05:10,184 When I see this e-mail, 87 00:05:10,268 --> 00:05:12,562 I don't know whether it's true or not. 88 00:05:13,938 --> 00:05:16,065 I will accept this. Why not? 89 00:05:18,026 --> 00:05:19,944 For me, everything is adventure. 90 00:05:21,612 --> 00:05:23,239 I want to go visit DeepMind 91 00:05:23,323 --> 00:05:27,702 to find out what this Go project is. 92 00:05:31,581 --> 00:05:34,542 On my first visit, I thought maybe they wanted me 93 00:05:34,625 --> 00:05:36,461 to sit in a special room, 94 00:05:36,544 --> 00:05:39,172 attach a lot of cables to my head, 95 00:05:39,589 --> 00:05:41,049 and also my body, 96 00:05:41,132 --> 00:05:44,385 let me play to scan my brain. 97 00:05:45,011 --> 00:05:46,054 I don't know, 98 00:05:46,804 --> 00:05:48,222 to do research. 99 00:05:48,890 --> 00:05:51,100 We need to get Fan Hui for DeepMind 100 00:05:51,184 --> 00:05:54,729 to see us is a serious operation, and we are serious people... 101 00:05:55,563 --> 00:05:56,647 doing the right research. 102 00:05:58,107 --> 00:06:00,068 And the search time gets better and better 103 00:06:00,151 --> 00:06:02,987 when we go from, for example, one to eight, in one of these, 104 00:06:03,071 --> 00:06:04,781 always up. 105 00:06:05,281 --> 00:06:07,158 We think of DeepMind as... 106 00:06:07,241 --> 00:06:10,036 kind of like the Apollo program effort for AI. 107 00:06:10,995 --> 00:06:14,248 Our mission is basically understand intelligence, 108 00:06:14,332 --> 00:06:16,000 and recreate artificially. 109 00:06:16,334 --> 00:06:17,574 And then, after we finish doing it, 110 00:06:17,627 --> 00:06:21,089 we feel that we can use it technology to help the community 111 00:06:21,172 --> 00:06:23,049 solve all kinds of other problems. 112 00:06:23,132 --> 00:06:24,675 If you step the actual game, 113 00:06:24,759 --> 00:06:27,303 we can see, type, how AlphaGo thinks, 114 00:06:27,386 --> 00:06:30,473 what are the most likely variations which he thinks will occur. 115 00:06:30,556 --> 00:06:32,391 We have worked on AlphaGo, 116 00:06:32,475 --> 00:06:35,770 our program to play Go, is only under two years now. 117 00:06:36,354 --> 00:06:38,397 All small patterns flow together, 118 00:06:38,481 --> 00:06:40,483 layer by layer, after layer, after layer. 119 00:06:41,484 --> 00:06:45,822 I started talking about the Go game with Demis more than 20 years ago. 120 00:06:45,905 --> 00:06:48,324 And so, this has happened a very long journey. 121 00:06:48,407 --> 00:06:51,828 Game Go is a holy grail artificial intelligence. 122 00:06:51,911 --> 00:06:54,163 Years, people have seen this game 123 00:06:54,247 --> 00:06:56,874 and they think, "Wow, this is too difficult." 124 00:06:56,958 --> 00:06:58,960 Everything we've tried on AI, 125 00:06:59,043 --> 00:07:01,212 it just falls when you try the Go game. 126 00:07:01,295 --> 00:07:04,674 And that is why it feels a real litmus progress test. 127 00:07:04,757 --> 00:07:07,468 If we can solve Go, we know we have done something special. 128 00:07:09,679 --> 00:07:11,639 So with Fan Hui, we started talking 129 00:07:11,722 --> 00:07:13,641 what is the real purpose of the visit. 130 00:07:13,724 --> 00:07:16,394 It's not just the Go project we want him to help, 131 00:07:16,477 --> 00:07:19,981 actually we want to play it, and we have a very strong program. 132 00:07:20,064 --> 00:07:21,691 It's okay, this is just a program. 133 00:07:21,774 --> 00:07:23,401 Very easy. 134 00:07:23,484 --> 00:07:24,861 So, it will be easy to play. 135 00:07:25,278 --> 00:07:27,864 Many people think that it's been decades. 136 00:07:27,947 --> 00:07:29,383 Some people think it will never happen. 137 00:07:29,407 --> 00:07:34,704 Because they feel that to succeed on Go, you need human intuition. 138 00:07:35,913 --> 00:07:40,168 Go is the oldest in the world keep playing board games. 139 00:07:40,251 --> 00:07:41,711 And, in some cases, 140 00:07:41,794 --> 00:07:45,882 This is one of the simplest and also the most abstract. 141 00:07:46,382 --> 00:07:47,758 There is only one type of work. 142 00:07:47,842 --> 00:07:48,986 There is only one type of movement. 143 00:07:49,010 --> 00:07:50,570 You just place the piece on the board. 144 00:07:51,053 --> 00:07:56,309 And then, your goal is to create groups related to your rock 145 00:07:56,392 --> 00:07:58,144 that surrounds some empty territory. 146 00:07:58,811 --> 00:08:01,522 And when you surround enemy stones, 147 00:08:01,606 --> 00:08:04,066 You catch them, and remove them from the board. 148 00:08:05,067 --> 00:08:07,361 You get points from the surrounding area. 149 00:08:07,445 --> 00:08:11,782 And, at the end of the game, people with the most territories win. 150 00:08:12,825 --> 00:08:14,619 It seems very simple. 151 00:08:14,702 --> 00:08:17,580 But, then you sit down to play, and you immediately realize, 152 00:08:17,663 --> 00:08:20,917 it's like, "Well, I know technically what I can do, but I don't know what to do." 153 00:08:21,000 --> 00:08:22,793 Go very challenging for computers to overcome 154 00:08:22,877 --> 00:08:25,505 because it is compared to, say, chess, 155 00:08:25,588 --> 00:08:27,632 the number of possible moves in a much greater position. 156 00:08:27,715 --> 00:08:30,801 In chess, this is around 20. 157 00:08:30,885 --> 00:08:32,303 In Go, this is around 200. 158 00:08:32,386 --> 00:08:34,222 and number of possibilities board configuration 159 00:08:34,305 --> 00:08:37,183 more than the number of _ atoms in the universe. 160 00:08:37,266 --> 00:08:39,727 So even if you take everything computers in the world, 161 00:08:39,810 --> 00:08:42,313 and run it for a million years, 162 00:08:42,396 --> 00:08:43,814 it won't have enough computational power to calculate all possible variations. 163 00:08:43,898 --> 00:08:48,236 If you ask great Go players why do they play certain movements, 164 00:08:48,569 --> 00:08:52,114 165 00:08:52,198 --> 00:08:54,617 sometimes, they will only tell you it feels right. 166 00:08:54,700 --> 00:08:57,495 So, we have to go up with some kind of smart algorithm 167 00:08:57,578 --> 00:09:00,373 to imitate what people do with their intuition. 168 00:09:01,415 --> 00:09:03,751 - Nice to meet you. - Oh, hello. Nice to meet you too. 169 00:09:03,834 --> 00:09:06,837 So with Fan Hui, we agree the best match of five matches. 170 00:09:06,921 --> 00:09:09,006 And we agreed that it would be filmed. 171 00:09:09,090 --> 00:09:10,930 You know, we will treat it as a serious partner. 172 00:09:13,678 --> 00:09:15,346 I play with AlphaGo. 173 00:09:15,429 --> 00:09:18,391 Aja Huang pushes stones for AlphaGo. 174 00:09:18,891 --> 00:09:21,978 And, of course, I think I will win games with AlphaGo 175 00:09:22,061 --> 00:09:23,604 because it's just a program. 176 00:09:24,689 --> 00:09:25,689 Good game. 177 00:09:26,357 --> 00:09:27,357 Have a good game. 178 00:09:30,903 --> 00:09:33,698 The first game, I made a few mistakes, 179 00:09:33,781 --> 00:09:35,616 and I lost the game. 180 00:09:36,158 --> 00:09:39,412 Oh Strange. A very strange game. 181 00:09:39,829 --> 00:09:42,748 In that first match, I thought something was clicked for him 182 00:09:42,832 --> 00:09:46,544 that this is not an ordinary Go program. 183 00:09:46,627 --> 00:09:49,630 We don't just do just like everyone else, 184 00:09:49,714 --> 00:09:51,215 that something new is happening. 185 00:09:51,299 --> 00:09:53,926 Second game, I try to change my style. 186 00:09:54,594 --> 00:09:57,763 But the problem is whether I also lost in the second game. 187 00:09:57,847 --> 00:09:59,682 And also the third game, 188 00:09:59,765 --> 00:10:00,891 fourth game, 189 00:10:01,392 --> 00:10:02,518 even the last game. 190 00:10:03,936 --> 00:10:06,105 I lost, five zeros. 191 00:10:08,190 --> 00:10:09,650 AlphaGo wins all games. 192 00:10:10,318 --> 00:10:13,070 After losing, losing, losing, 193 00:10:13,154 --> 00:10:16,407 You can feel the pressure getting heavier and heavier. 194 00:10:16,949 --> 00:10:18,993 And several times after the match, 195 00:10:19,076 --> 00:10:23,289 he said he wanted to go out looking for fresh air. 196 00:10:23,372 --> 00:10:25,625 I said, "Oh, I can go with you and chat." 197 00:10:25,708 --> 00:10:27,228 He said, "No, I want to go alone." 198 00:10:30,004 --> 00:10:32,882 I feel something very strange. 199 00:10:33,549 --> 00:10:34,842 I lost a program. 200 00:10:35,551 --> 00:10:39,096 And I don't understand myself anymore. 201 00:10:43,225 --> 00:10:45,311 I am worried he will even return. 202 00:10:45,394 --> 00:10:47,938 You know, he looks very low, 203 00:10:48,022 --> 00:10:50,691 and he spends about an hour away from the office. 204 00:10:50,775 --> 00:10:52,610 He changed again completely. 205 00:10:52,693 --> 00:10:56,405 I tell Maddy, "This is the first time in history 206 00:10:56,489 --> 00:11:00,493 that human Go professional players lose to a program. 207 00:11:00,993 --> 00:11:02,828 He tells me," Yes, we know. 208 00:11:02,912 --> 00:11:05,873 But for you... Are you okay? " 209 00:11:06,582 --> 00:11:07,667 I told him... 210 00:11:09,418 --> 00:11:11,545 " No, and yes. " 211 00:11:12,213 --> 00:11:14,924 I don't like losing games, 212 00:11:15,383 --> 00:11:19,595 but I'm very happy to play for history. 213 00:11:21,764 --> 00:11:25,935 Artificial intelligence researchers have solved the game Go 214 00:11:26,018 --> 00:11:28,396 one decade earlier than expected. 215 00:11:28,479 --> 00:11:30,314 A computer named AlphaGo, 216 00:11:30,398 --> 00:11:32,942 able to defeat European human champions. 217 00:11:33,025 --> 00:11:34,902 Artificial intelligence researcher 218 00:11:34,985 --> 00:11:36,695 has made a significant breakthrough. 219 00:11:36,779 --> 00:11:38,864 That's really a big leap forward. 220 00:11:39,323 --> 00:11:44,120 There is a big difference between IBM computer ways to defeat Kasparov, 221 00:11:44,203 --> 00:11:46,747 programmed by expert chess players, 222 00:11:46,831 --> 00:11:50,709 and the way the computer Go-playing, is more or less, self-study. 223 00:11:50,793 --> 00:11:53,087 The way we started training AlphaGo 224 00:11:53,170 --> 00:11:57,299 is to show 100,000 games strong amateurs have played, 225 00:11:57,383 --> 00:11:59,027 which we have downloaded from the internet. 226 00:11:59,051 --> 00:12:02,680 And at first we got AlphaGo to imitate human players. 227 00:12:02,763 --> 00:12:05,015 And then, by playing alone, learning reinforcement, 228 00:12:05,099 --> 00:12:07,935 it plays against different versions of itself millions of times, 229 00:12:08,018 --> 00:12:09,687 and learn from his mistakes. 230 00:12:09,770 --> 00:12:13,732 Specific ideas that drive AlphaGo 231 00:12:13,816 --> 00:12:15,526 will encourage our future. 232 00:12:15,860 --> 00:12:18,320 Technology in the heart of AlphaGo, 233 00:12:18,404 --> 00:12:20,698 they are what are called deep neural networks 234 00:12:20,781 --> 00:12:22,700 which essentially mimics 235 00:12:22,783 --> 00:12:24,910 network of neurons in the human brain. 236 00:12:24,994 --> 00:12:26,412 That's a very old idea, 237 00:12:26,495 --> 00:12:30,207 but recently, due to an increase in in computing power, 238 00:12:30,291 --> 00:12:33,002 this neural network has become very strong, 239 00:12:33,085 --> 00:12:33,961 almost overnight. 240 00:12:34,044 --> 00:12:37,214 Large neural networks which operate on large data 241 00:12:37,298 --> 00:12:39,216 can achieve surprising things. 242 00:12:39,300 --> 00:12:41,802 AlphaGo finds a way to learn how to play Go. 243 00:12:41,886 --> 00:12:44,722 Learning is the main thing here. This is machine learning. 244 00:12:44,805 --> 00:12:46,849 All beauty about these types of algorithms 245 00:12:46,932 --> 00:12:48,827 because they learn for themselves, 246 00:12:48,851 --> 00:12:49,727 they can go beyond 247 00:12:49,810 --> 00:12:52,730 what we, as programmers, know how to do it, 248 00:12:52,813 --> 00:12:56,609 and allows us to make new breakthroughs in the fields of science and medicine. 249 00:12:56,692 --> 00:13:01,489 So, AlphaGo is one of the important steps towards the final goal. 250 00:13:11,165 --> 00:13:12,833 My wife called me. 251 00:13:13,417 --> 00:13:16,378 He told me, "Don't check the internet. 252 00:13:16,462 --> 00:13:17,880 Don't connect to the internet, 253 00:13:17,963 --> 00:13:20,424 because people say bad things 254 00:13:20,508 --> 00:13:22,551 about your match with AlphaGo." 255 00:13:23,052 --> 00:13:26,013 "Fan Hui has lived for a long time in Europe, 256 00:13:26,096 --> 00:13:28,641 he's not a true professional, he's just an amateur player." 257 00:13:29,475 --> 00:13:32,186 This is very difficult for me, very difficult. 258 00:13:34,063 --> 00:13:35,856 The World Goes Skeptic 259 00:13:35,940 --> 00:13:38,442 about how strong AlphaGo really is 260 00:13:38,526 --> 00:13:40,027 261 00:13:40,110 --> 00:13:41,904 and how far it needs 262 00:13:42,404 --> 00:13:45,074 So our program increases with time, 263 00:13:45,157 --> 00:13:47,952 and we want to encourage AI algorithm to the limit, 264 00:13:48,035 --> 00:13:51,622 and see how far this type self-improvement process can go. 265 00:13:52,373 --> 00:13:55,251 So, we need to look at for bigger challenges. 266 00:13:56,502 --> 00:14:00,130 Matches like no other will begin soon in South Korea. 267 00:14:00,214 --> 00:14:02,424 Se-dol Lee, global champion in power... 268 00:14:02,508 --> 00:14:04,009 This person is a genius... 269 00:14:04,093 --> 00:14:07,513 ... who will take over AlphaGo artificial intelligence program 270 00:14:07,596 --> 00:14:10,641 in the end human versus machine smackdown. 271 00:14:10,724 --> 00:14:14,687 This is a great moment for both the world of artificial intelligence 272 00:14:14,770 --> 00:14:16,855 and I think, the world of Go. 273 00:14:16,939 --> 00:14:20,609 So far, AlphaGo has been beaten every challenge we provide. 274 00:14:20,693 --> 00:14:23,737 But we will not know the true strength until we play someone who are at the top of the world, like Se-dol Lee. 275 00:14:23,821 --> 00:14:26,740 276 00:14:26,824 --> 00:14:28,284 We chose Se-dol Lee 277 00:14:28,367 --> 00:14:31,912 because we want it legendary, historic player. 278 00:14:31,996 --> 00:14:35,791 Someone who has been recognized as the greatest player in the past decade. 279 00:14:36,208 --> 00:14:40,170 I don't want to sound too arrogant, 280 00:14:40,254 --> 00:14:42,298 but, still, I think I have an advantage. 281 00:14:42,381 --> 00:14:44,508 "I won't be too arrogant, 282 00:14:44,592 --> 00:14:47,803 but I don't think that it will be a very close match. So, considering that it's a few months just passed, 283 00:14:47,887 --> 00:14:52,308 I don't think it's enough for that to be able to catch up with me. 284 00:14:52,391 --> 00:14:53,893 My hope is that it will be good five zero for me, or maybe four to one. 285 00:14:53,976 --> 00:14:57,396 So the critical point for me is to make sure I don't lose one. " 286 00:14:57,479 --> 00:15:01,233 Fifth, please. 287 00:15:01,317 --> 00:15:06,322 288 00:15:06,405 --> 00:15:10,200 289 00:15:10,784 --> 00:15:12,411 290 00:15:13,412 --> 00:15:15,497 We don't know how good 291 00:15:15,581 --> 00:15:17,291 our system will play against someone 292 00:15:17,374 --> 00:15:19,418 as creative as Se-dol Lee. 293 00:15:19,501 --> 00:15:20,586 Also, he is very famous 294 00:15:20,669 --> 00:15:24,048 - to play highly creative battles. - Yes, yes. Yes. 295 00:15:24,131 --> 00:15:27,301 So, this can make it difficult for us, but we'll see. 296 00:15:27,384 --> 00:15:28,218 Maybe, in some ways, 297 00:15:28,302 --> 00:15:30,142 he is the most difficult opponent we can choose. 298 00:15:30,220 --> 00:15:31,055 Yes. 299 00:15:31,138 --> 00:15:33,557 There are still many questions 300 00:15:33,641 --> 00:15:35,643 about whether they can beat or not 301 00:15:35,726 --> 00:15:37,561 someone like Se-dol Lee. 302 00:15:38,062 --> 00:15:39,438 Fan Hui is a good player, 303 00:15:39,521 --> 00:15:42,650 but he is nobody like the top player. 304 00:15:42,733 --> 00:15:44,902 Se-dol Lee is a 9-and professional. 305 00:15:45,194 --> 00:15:48,739 Nine-and professional is the highest ranking that you can achieve on Go. 306 00:15:48,822 --> 00:15:50,240 Ranking system. 307 00:15:50,324 --> 00:15:54,161 Fan Hui, who is a European Champion, is only a 2-and professional. 308 00:15:54,244 --> 00:15:58,791 On the other hand, at the very top, Se-dol Lee is 9-and professional. 309 00:15:58,874 --> 00:16:01,627 Se-dol Lee is Go what Roger Federer is tennis. 310 00:16:01,710 --> 00:16:03,879 He plays at Wimbledon to win a Grand Slam. 311 00:16:03,963 --> 00:16:06,024 And not just this year. He will be there next year, 312 00:16:06,048 --> 00:16:08,258 and the following year, and the following year. 313 00:16:08,342 --> 00:16:10,302 Of course, internet, 314 00:16:10,386 --> 00:16:13,847 and all the Go, everyone, 315 00:16:14,932 --> 00:16:19,311 community maybe not 100%, maybe 99.999% 316 00:16:19,395 --> 00:16:22,940 thought Se-dol Lee would win very easily. 317 00:16:23,565 --> 00:16:25,985 Teacher, I'm stuck. 318 00:16:26,068 --> 00:16:27,361 How do I leave here? 319 00:16:29,863 --> 00:16:31,615 Good. Hold the stone properly. 320 00:16:31,699 --> 00:16:34,326 Place the stone well, not like that. 321 00:16:34,410 --> 00:16:36,412 And hold it well, like this. 322 00:16:37,746 --> 00:16:39,665 Go is taken seriously in Korea. 323 00:16:39,957 --> 00:16:43,210 So many parts of the culture, like breathing, or, you know, 324 00:16:43,293 --> 00:16:45,796 like taking swimming lessons, or something. 325 00:16:46,505 --> 00:16:48,132 On the surface, this is a game, 326 00:16:48,215 --> 00:16:51,760 but inside, it has a very deep philosophy. 327 00:16:51,844 --> 00:16:55,514 The Go Board reflects individuals who play. 328 00:16:55,597 --> 00:16:57,891 The truth will appear by itself on the board. 329 00:16:57,975 --> 00:16:59,560 You won't be able to hide it. 330 00:17:00,436 --> 00:17:03,689 In ancient China, Japan, Korea, 331 00:17:03,772 --> 00:17:07,693 Go is one of four noble things, 332 00:17:07,776 --> 00:17:10,863 like four achievements for literati, 333 00:17:11,280 --> 00:17:15,034 with music, poetry, and painting. 334 00:17:15,117 --> 00:17:18,746 So, people think of Go 335 00:17:18,829 --> 00:17:21,415 players very smart and very noble. 336 00:17:21,498 --> 00:17:22,833 It's okay to lose, 337 00:17:22,916 --> 00:17:24,185 as long as you play the best. 338 00:17:24,209 --> 00:17:26,879 Bow to your opponent. 339 00:17:26,962 --> 00:17:29,339 Mr. Kwon started this school, 340 00:17:29,423 --> 00:17:31,258 so he can produce 341 00:17:31,341 --> 00:17:32,885 great players in Korea. 342 00:17:33,427 --> 00:17:36,180 Se-dol Lee, when he was eight years old, 343 00:17:36,263 --> 00:17:38,557 he came here, attended class, 344 00:17:38,640 --> 00:17:41,810 9am to 9pm for seven days. 345 00:17:41,894 --> 00:17:44,063 And then, he lives with Mr. Kwon. 346 00:17:44,897 --> 00:17:47,024 I remember his round face 347 00:17:47,107 --> 00:17:49,359 and dark brown eyes. 348 00:17:49,985 --> 00:17:54,615 Since he came from an island, he easily attracted attention. 349 00:17:55,115 --> 00:17:58,911 But unlike other kids, 350 00:17:58,994 --> 00:18:01,663 His eyes shone brightly. 351 00:18:01,747 --> 00:18:02,747 7th WORLD MONTH TRAVEL 352 00:18:02,790 --> 00:18:05,292 Se-dol Lee is a boy 353 00:18:05,375 --> 00:18:08,837 I remember when I was a student learned Go. 354 00:18:08,921 --> 00:18:14,343 He is very young and quite rural to think that pizza grows on trees. 355 00:18:15,844 --> 00:18:17,346 When I was young, 356 00:18:17,429 --> 00:18:19,848 I started playing Go because I thought it was fun 357 00:18:19,932 --> 00:18:21,600 to defeat people who are older than me. 358 00:18:21,683 --> 00:18:25,145 Since then, it has become a type of my creation. 359 00:18:25,687 --> 00:18:27,856 I want the style of my Go to be something different, 360 00:18:27,940 --> 00:18:29,149 something new, 361 00:18:30,150 --> 00:18:31,819 my own thing. 362 00:18:33,654 --> 00:18:36,031 Something that is nobody has been thought of before. 363 00:18:36,615 --> 00:18:38,742 Se-dol Lee plays many things 364 00:18:38,826 --> 00:18:41,495 interesting, where you feel like 365 00:18:41,578 --> 00:18:42,955 he wins and loses outside. 366 00:18:43,038 --> 00:18:47,000 He wants to do something innovative or bring things to the next level. 367 00:18:47,084 --> 00:18:49,628 So every Go player learns the game with certainty. 368 00:18:49,711 --> 00:18:50,921 21ST ASIAN TV CUP CHAMPIONSHIP 369 00:18:51,004 --> 00:18:53,799 For about ten years, he dominates the world of professional Go. 370 00:18:53,882 --> 00:18:55,968 He won 18 World Championships. 371 00:18:56,051 --> 00:18:57,302 Se-dol Lee 372 00:18:57,386 --> 00:18:59,054 is a genius of this century. 373 00:18:59,138 --> 00:19:01,449 INITIAL 2012 CHAMPIONSHIP AGREEMENT GO AT GRAND CENTRAL HOTEL, CHINA 374 00:19:01,473 --> 00:19:05,394 Even when I look back now, I am proud of him. 375 00:19:05,477 --> 00:19:08,522 And I'm also proud of myself. 376 00:19:09,148 --> 00:19:11,942 Surely, Se-dol Lee will win the match, five all. 377 00:19:12,025 --> 00:19:13,425 IF YOU WANT TO WIN, YOU WILL LOSE 378 00:19:14,153 --> 00:19:15,571 Yes, all games. 379 00:19:16,113 --> 00:19:17,531 He will win all the matches. 380 00:19:18,699 --> 00:19:21,368 We have our evaluation match last week. 381 00:19:21,660 --> 00:19:23,579 We won the match, and we lost in one match. 382 00:19:23,662 --> 00:19:24,788 And we lost in one match 383 00:19:24,872 --> 00:19:26,516 it will make us look very stupid 384 00:19:26,540 --> 00:19:28,125 if it happens openly. 385 00:19:28,917 --> 00:19:31,128 That means that we still have work to do, 386 00:19:31,211 --> 00:19:32,856 and we must consider this really serious. 387 00:19:32,880 --> 00:19:35,215 There are too many risks, actually, 388 00:19:35,299 --> 00:19:37,926 we can lose, overall. 389 00:19:38,010 --> 00:19:41,638 Not only that, but we can lose in the way it makes us look rather silly. 390 00:19:41,722 --> 00:19:43,307 - Yes - So, I guess, um... 391 00:19:43,849 --> 00:19:46,244 Yes, Aja, do you want to say anything about what you tried? 392 00:19:46,268 --> 00:19:47,644 I work hard. 393 00:19:51,356 --> 00:19:53,317 So, we work all the time right now, 394 00:19:53,400 --> 00:19:55,027 practice our algorithm further, 395 00:19:55,110 --> 00:19:57,112 try to gradually continue to improve 396 00:19:57,196 --> 00:19:59,448 to date where we have matches. 397 00:19:59,531 --> 00:20:00,866 We have gathered together 398 00:20:00,949 --> 00:20:03,452 people with different skills to the same team. 399 00:20:03,535 --> 00:20:07,456 So we have researchers, engineers, valuation people. 400 00:20:07,831 --> 00:20:09,809 But you mean what happens if it creates something new 401 00:20:09,833 --> 00:20:11,501 - who is not in the center of gravity? - Yes 402 00:20:12,044 --> 00:20:13,128 Then we don't see it. 403 00:20:13,212 --> 00:20:14,254 You will see it. 404 00:20:14,338 --> 00:20:15,797 - Good. - The first thing to know... 405 00:20:15,881 --> 00:20:17,483 I think we have the perfect solution, 406 00:20:17,507 --> 00:20:19,218 - But it's not perfect. - Yes 407 00:20:19,760 --> 00:20:24,431 It is the main programmer, and builds the original search engine. 408 00:20:24,514 --> 00:20:26,516 So the responsibility of Aja is quite large. 409 00:20:26,600 --> 00:20:29,144 He who will sit opposite Se-dol Lee 410 00:20:29,228 --> 00:20:32,606 and really playing the movements made by AlphaGo. 411 00:20:32,689 --> 00:20:34,691 - I feel happy. - Yes? 412 00:20:36,401 --> 00:20:38,695 Se-dol Lee is a great player, 413 00:20:38,779 --> 00:20:42,199 and I feel honored to play with him. 414 00:20:42,866 --> 00:20:45,535 Many of my friends, they are very excited about the match. 415 00:20:45,619 --> 00:20:48,914 They keep telling me that the whole world is watching. 416 00:20:48,997 --> 00:20:51,083 "Just prepare AlphaGo." 417 00:20:51,541 --> 00:20:52,542 Hello. 418 00:20:52,626 --> 00:20:54,127 Hello, Demis. Can you hear us? 419 00:20:54,211 --> 00:20:55,504 Yes, I can hear you, friend. 420 00:20:55,587 --> 00:20:57,089 Can you hear me okay? 421 00:20:57,172 --> 00:20:58,507 Yes. Perfect. 422 00:20:58,590 --> 00:21:00,550 "I'm curious to meet you, 423 00:21:00,634 --> 00:21:02,803 the amazing developer 424 00:21:02,886 --> 00:21:04,846 who made AlphaGo. 425 00:21:04,930 --> 00:21:06,306 Nice to meet you." 426 00:21:06,390 --> 00:21:08,809 Thank you, thank you. Too. 427 00:21:08,892 --> 00:21:11,395 It's really nice to meet you. 428 00:21:11,478 --> 00:21:14,147 I like the Go game. I'm not too good, 429 00:21:14,231 --> 00:21:16,775 but I don't know if you know, 430 00:21:16,858 --> 00:21:19,111 but we actually have similarities. 431 00:21:19,194 --> 00:21:22,572 I actually also practice in a game at a young age. 432 00:21:22,656 --> 00:21:25,742 I was, when I was young, a professional chess player. 433 00:21:25,826 --> 00:21:27,744 He said that he had been 434 00:21:27,828 --> 00:21:28,888 a professional chess player. 435 00:21:28,912 --> 00:21:32,082 I used to play for the English team, 436 00:21:32,165 --> 00:21:36,086 and then I stopped playing when I was around 14. I... 437 00:21:36,169 --> 00:21:39,506 When I was 13 years old, I was the second the highest ranked player in the world. 438 00:21:39,589 --> 00:21:40,924 "After the match, 439 00:21:41,008 --> 00:21:44,761 I want to apply that I give you a teaching game Go, 440 00:21:44,845 --> 00:21:47,347 and you give me one chess teaching game." 441 00:21:47,431 --> 00:21:48,974 - Yes - "How does that sound?" 442 00:21:49,057 --> 00:21:52,561 Sounds really good. I will be honored to do that. 443 00:21:52,644 --> 00:21:56,523 "I'm not sure if it's alright to ask this question, 444 00:21:56,606 --> 00:21:59,192 but I see a match against Fan Hui, 445 00:21:59,276 --> 00:22:03,447 and I don't think that's enough at the level playing with me, 446 00:22:03,530 --> 00:22:06,700 but I hear that it's getting stronger. 447 00:22:06,783 --> 00:22:10,287 Can I ask how many _ have become stronger since then? " 448 00:22:13,373 --> 00:22:16,585 Yes. I can't say too much, of course, 449 00:22:16,668 --> 00:22:20,172 but surely there are much stronger. 450 00:22:21,757 --> 00:22:24,718 With more time, I think, a logical approach 451 00:22:24,801 --> 00:22:27,929 will be followed up by on the local Aja search, 452 00:22:28,013 --> 00:22:29,765 - Run fast on AlphaGo, - Right. 453 00:22:29,848 --> 00:22:31,325 - produces a new data set, - Exactly. 454 00:22:31,349 --> 00:22:33,018 - and more time iterations. - Yes 455 00:22:33,101 --> 00:22:35,812 But we run out of time for that, so we have to be realistic. 456 00:22:35,896 --> 00:22:38,648 We realize that if we want to prepare 457 00:22:38,732 --> 00:22:42,069 for mammoth tasks like taking Se-dol Lee, 458 00:22:42,152 --> 00:22:45,405 there will be nothing better than talking to a professional. 459 00:22:45,489 --> 00:22:48,200 And we cannot choose people who are better than Fan Hui. 460 00:22:51,661 --> 00:22:54,331 We invited him as adviser 461 00:22:54,414 --> 00:22:58,126 because during the match, we realized that he was a man with good spirit. 462 00:22:58,210 --> 00:22:59,961 - Welcome back. - Thank you very much. 463 00:23:00,045 --> 00:23:02,506 It's very valuable that we have Fan Hui with us. 464 00:23:02,589 --> 00:23:03,757 Let's go down this way. 465 00:23:05,383 --> 00:23:07,302 He was destroyed by AlphaGo, 466 00:23:07,385 --> 00:23:09,054 but then, he became very positive 467 00:23:09,137 --> 00:23:10,847 and very helpful to us. 468 00:23:11,973 --> 00:23:13,266 When Demis tells me, 469 00:23:13,350 --> 00:23:16,561 "Can you go back to help us make AlphaGo stronger?" 470 00:23:17,646 --> 00:23:19,189 I feel respect. 471 00:23:20,023 --> 00:23:22,025 Of course, I accept it. 472 00:23:24,152 --> 00:23:26,029 I play with AlphaGo 473 00:23:26,113 --> 00:23:30,200 to understand what AlphaGo strong points are 474 00:23:30,283 --> 00:23:33,411 and what might be weaknesses. 475 00:23:34,329 --> 00:23:35,539 I play in the morning, 476 00:23:36,123 --> 00:23:37,207 at dusk, 477 00:23:38,333 --> 00:23:39,333 all the time. 478 00:23:40,710 --> 00:23:42,295 And I found something. 479 00:23:43,380 --> 00:23:46,258 I found AlphaGo's big weakness. 480 00:23:46,925 --> 00:23:48,135 That's the big one. 481 00:23:48,927 --> 00:23:50,345 Superheroes always have it 482 00:23:50,428 --> 00:23:52,389 hidden vulnerabilities, right? 483 00:23:52,472 --> 00:23:54,766 And the same thing applies to AlphaGo. 484 00:23:54,850 --> 00:23:59,146 This is amazing superhuman, in general, 485 00:23:59,229 --> 00:24:03,108 but has certain weaknesses in some situations. 486 00:24:03,191 --> 00:24:04,818 We can think about it there become this space 487 00:24:04,901 --> 00:24:06,278 of all things known, 488 00:24:06,361 --> 00:24:08,572 and he knows most of that is very good. 489 00:24:08,655 --> 00:24:11,116 Then there will be this complicated lump knowledge, 490 00:24:11,199 --> 00:24:13,910 that it only understands very badly. 491 00:24:13,994 --> 00:24:16,079 And it's very difficult for us to characterize 492 00:24:16,163 --> 00:24:18,206 when will it enter be one of these blobs. 493 00:24:18,290 --> 00:24:20,542 But if that happens, can be completely delusional, 494 00:24:20,625 --> 00:24:22,520 think that it's alive in one part of the board 495 00:24:22,544 --> 00:24:24,546 when actually dead or vice versa. 496 00:24:25,005 --> 00:24:27,716 So, there is a real risk that we can lose the match. 497 00:24:28,884 --> 00:24:30,552 Everyone in the team 498 00:24:30,635 --> 00:24:33,513 trying to work more and more solve the problem, 499 00:24:33,597 --> 00:24:35,974 but I think it's difficult 500 00:24:36,057 --> 00:24:37,934 for it to be fixed very quickly. 501 00:24:38,018 --> 00:24:40,520 We have version 18 in the pipe, right? 502 00:24:41,062 --> 00:24:42,942 Well, we will only go for version 18 if it is made 503 00:24:43,023 --> 00:24:45,108 - a significant increase... - If that... Yes. 504 00:24:45,650 --> 00:24:49,112 We have to rerun all tests because they are wrong, unfortunately, 505 00:24:49,196 --> 00:24:52,782 so basically we are a day behind in our evaluation because of that. 506 00:24:53,325 --> 00:24:55,076 Well, maybe we just need to be realistic. 507 00:24:55,160 --> 00:24:56,912 That we have tried many things, 508 00:24:56,995 --> 00:24:59,315 and we come to the point where we say we will really 509 00:24:59,372 --> 00:25:02,167 starts to freeze the code, and says, 510 00:25:02,250 --> 00:25:03,293 "Listen, this... 511 00:25:04,419 --> 00:25:06,630 is not... actually, not finding out." 512 00:25:07,047 --> 00:25:10,842 This delusion is still a realistic possibility for the match. 513 00:25:10,926 --> 00:25:12,510 We have several weaknesses 514 00:25:12,594 --> 00:25:17,265 that we... I don't think we will go to fully repair before the match, 515 00:25:17,349 --> 00:25:20,518 so that causes us a little anxiety. 516 00:25:26,441 --> 00:25:29,194 Se-dol Lee gets ready to rumble. 517 00:25:29,277 --> 00:25:31,446 On Wednesday, directly on the Internet, 518 00:25:31,529 --> 00:25:33,865 This professional South Korean Go player 519 00:25:33,949 --> 00:25:37,202 will take artificial intelligence AlphaGo program. 520 00:25:37,285 --> 00:25:42,249 I am confident that I will win five to zero. 521 00:25:43,458 --> 00:25:46,503 Tomorrow, Julian and George, they pack version 18, 522 00:25:46,586 --> 00:25:49,047 they put it on a laptop, and they fly to Seoul. 523 00:25:53,301 --> 00:25:54,803 - See you in Korea. - Safe travel. 524 00:25:54,886 --> 00:25:56,246 - Good luck to the destination. - See you too. 525 00:26:07,983 --> 00:26:11,444 Are all ready for victory against Se-dol Lee? 526 00:26:11,528 --> 00:26:12,612 Everything is set up, I think. 527 00:26:12,696 --> 00:26:15,615 But when I arrived at the hotel, I would follow the team. 528 00:26:15,699 --> 00:26:17,367 What should we do in the remaining time 529 00:26:17,450 --> 00:26:21,579 is a list of things that can be wrong in system solidity. 530 00:26:21,663 --> 00:26:25,041 We need a place to place AlphaGo down here. 531 00:26:25,125 --> 00:26:27,377 OK, practice. Let's go, please, friends! 532 00:26:28,003 --> 00:26:29,379 Have you set that place 533 00:26:29,462 --> 00:26:30,922 so that Se-dol Lee smokes? 534 00:26:31,006 --> 00:26:33,166 When he is in a difficult situation, he likes smoking. 535 00:26:33,216 --> 00:26:35,844 Yes, there is a terrace, and we will have security, 536 00:26:35,927 --> 00:26:38,013 so he will be able to go up there and be himself. 537 00:26:38,096 --> 00:26:40,348 Which one do you support, 538 00:26:40,432 --> 00:26:42,142 Se-dol Lee or AlphaGo? 539 00:26:43,268 --> 00:26:44,853 I am in an awkward position. 540 00:26:44,936 --> 00:26:46,855 - As you can see, I am a referee. - I see. 541 00:26:46,938 --> 00:26:48,189 I am a referee. 542 00:26:49,441 --> 00:26:50,692 When I get here, 543 00:26:50,775 --> 00:26:52,485 I didn't expect attention to the match. 544 00:26:52,569 --> 00:26:54,487 That's really front page news. 545 00:26:54,571 --> 00:26:57,866 About eight million Koreans play the game Go, 546 00:26:57,949 --> 00:27:00,452 and, even those who don't, You know, recognize Se-dol Lee. 547 00:27:00,535 --> 00:27:02,037 He is a national figure. 548 00:27:02,704 --> 00:27:03,955 And so, there is that. Right? 549 00:27:04,039 --> 00:27:05,582 There is national pride involved. 550 00:27:05,665 --> 00:27:07,167 But, more than that. 551 00:27:07,250 --> 00:27:11,713 Just thinking of a machine playing human in something like this, 552 00:27:11,796 --> 00:27:13,882 I think, it is inherently interesting People. 553 00:27:14,883 --> 00:27:16,134 Can we bring it in? 554 00:27:16,968 --> 00:27:18,219 Come on in? Yes. 555 00:27:29,022 --> 00:27:31,483 I am sure about the match. 556 00:27:31,566 --> 00:27:35,987 I believe that human intuition is still too advanced 557 00:27:36,863 --> 00:27:40,825 because AI has followed. 558 00:27:41,326 --> 00:27:45,747 I will do my best to protect human intelligence. 559 00:27:47,499 --> 00:27:49,834 The whole world puts pressure 560 00:27:49,918 --> 00:27:51,086 for Se-dol Lee. 561 00:27:51,920 --> 00:27:56,091 Before this, he played the tournament for his country, for himself. 562 00:27:56,674 --> 00:27:58,927 But this time, he plays for humanity. 563 00:28:07,936 --> 00:28:09,896 I just hope we win this first game. 564 00:28:09,979 --> 00:28:11,040 If you lose the first match, 565 00:28:11,064 --> 00:28:12,708 You really have to win three out of four. 566 00:28:12,732 --> 00:28:13,732 Yes it's true. 567 00:28:13,775 --> 00:28:15,276 - Which is hard work. - Yes 568 00:28:15,360 --> 00:28:16,400 Where do you want to go? 569 00:28:16,444 --> 00:28:17,838 - I will start in the match room. - Good. 570 00:28:17,862 --> 00:28:19,924 Then, I will go here, make sure everything is fine. 571 00:28:19,948 --> 00:28:22,508 - Yes, you might have to be here. - or something like that. 572 00:28:25,745 --> 00:28:28,039 - I know you're nervous. - Yes, I'm nervous. 573 00:28:28,790 --> 00:28:29,874 I'm nervous. 574 00:28:31,334 --> 00:28:32,603 How are you? Are you not nervous? 575 00:28:32,627 --> 00:28:34,212 - A little. - A little, huh? 576 00:28:34,295 --> 00:28:36,089 It's good to have a little nerve. 577 00:28:38,133 --> 00:28:40,135 That must be fine. 578 00:28:41,219 --> 00:28:42,470 OK. OK. 579 00:28:42,971 --> 00:28:46,433 Hello and welcome to the DeepMind Challenge, 580 00:28:46,516 --> 00:28:48,685 Game One, Round One, 581 00:28:48,768 --> 00:28:52,272 live from Four Seasons here in Seoul, Korea. 582 00:28:52,355 --> 00:28:55,233 I'm Chris Garlock The American Go E-Journal. 583 00:28:55,316 --> 00:28:58,445 I am here with Michael Redmond, 9-and professional. 584 00:28:58,528 --> 00:28:59,528 Welcome, Michael. 585 00:28:59,571 --> 00:29:03,700 Want to give greetings to everyone watching all over the world? 586 00:29:03,783 --> 00:29:06,453 Well, the excitement is quite clear here at the hotel. 587 00:29:06,536 --> 00:29:10,206 I have never seen the interest of reporters from all over the world. 588 00:29:10,290 --> 00:29:12,050 - Camera... - Incredible media. 589 00:29:12,125 --> 00:29:13,918 I'm not sure how much AlphaGo 590 00:29:14,002 --> 00:29:17,714 has changed in the last five months. 591 00:29:17,797 --> 00:29:20,216 OK, everyone. You are here, You will see history made. 592 00:29:20,300 --> 00:29:21,300 Stay with us. 593 00:29:21,468 --> 00:29:24,262 Five minutes, friend. Five minutes. 594 00:29:29,851 --> 00:29:32,645 Please don't push. 595 00:29:32,729 --> 00:29:34,272 I think we have to do it 596 00:29:34,355 --> 00:29:39,819 Spend time together and just think about what will happen. 597 00:29:39,903 --> 00:29:41,488 I am very happy to be here. 598 00:29:41,571 --> 00:29:44,574 Very proud of you all and what we have done. 599 00:29:44,657 --> 00:29:47,160 And, win or lose, I think it's amazing that we are here. 600 00:29:47,243 --> 00:29:49,621 Isn't that weird of your father 601 00:29:49,704 --> 00:29:50,904 is fighting against the engine? 602 00:29:52,373 --> 00:29:54,876 I would like it if the machine 603 00:29:54,959 --> 00:29:56,795 hasn't defeated humans on Go. 604 00:29:59,005 --> 00:30:00,173 One more minute. 605 00:30:45,176 --> 00:30:48,304 Five, four, three, two, one. 606 00:30:53,977 --> 00:30:55,436 The match will be 607 00:30:55,520 --> 00:30:57,689 in Chinese rules, 7.5 commi points. 608 00:30:57,981 --> 00:31:01,192 Two hour, and 60 second deadlines three times. 609 00:31:24,132 --> 00:31:25,842 Please select the stone. 610 00:31:27,176 --> 00:31:29,262 Se-dol Lee, 9 and, what have you chosen? 611 00:31:30,555 --> 00:31:31,555 Black. 612 00:31:32,348 --> 00:31:34,142 Please start the game. 613 00:31:59,042 --> 00:32:00,543 We have worked very hard 614 00:32:00,627 --> 00:32:04,380 to ensure that this will go technically smooth. 615 00:32:04,756 --> 00:32:07,342 We tested it and tested it and tested it. 616 00:32:08,009 --> 00:32:12,639 And still, come when when you live, 617 00:32:12,722 --> 00:32:15,850 all TV cameras broadcast everything, 618 00:32:15,934 --> 00:32:19,062 and now it must be done the thing you build to do. 619 00:32:20,521 --> 00:32:22,732 AlphaGo even considers it 620 00:32:22,815 --> 00:32:24,317 what to do from the first step. 621 00:32:24,400 --> 00:32:26,486 If you look at that time carefully, 622 00:32:26,569 --> 00:32:27,963 - It's been more than 30 seconds. - Yes. 623 00:32:27,987 --> 00:32:30,156 AlphaGo thinks too long in the second step. 624 00:32:30,239 --> 00:32:31,239 Yes. 625 00:33:08,695 --> 00:33:10,363 I'm a little nervous. 626 00:33:10,446 --> 00:33:15,535 This is the first time I sit in front of a world-class Go player. 627 00:33:16,369 --> 00:33:19,580 And I really feel spirit and politeness 628 00:33:19,664 --> 00:33:22,250 Great Go players like Se-dol Lee. 629 00:33:22,750 --> 00:33:25,670 Because I think this is the first time he has faced 630 00:33:25,753 --> 00:33:27,463 strange opponent, I guess. 631 00:33:27,547 --> 00:33:30,967 It's not human, has no emotions, it's cold. 632 00:33:31,509 --> 00:33:33,511 But he remains calm. 633 00:33:34,095 --> 00:33:37,432 And I can feel his mental strength. 634 00:33:50,903 --> 00:33:51,946 Oh 635 00:33:52,071 --> 00:33:53,573 AlphaGo peeking. 636 00:33:54,615 --> 00:33:56,701 That can't be trusted. 637 00:33:57,493 --> 00:33:59,829 This is the first time 638 00:33:59,912 --> 00:34:01,748 I see AlphaGo move like this. 639 00:34:01,831 --> 00:34:04,417 It feels like AlphaGo is playing like humans. 640 00:34:04,500 --> 00:34:05,626 I'm Andrew Jackson. 641 00:34:05,710 --> 00:34:09,297 With me here is Myung-wan Kim, a 9-and pro from the Korean Rhino Association. 642 00:34:09,380 --> 00:34:11,799 We are here staying at Four Seasons Hotels 643 00:34:11,883 --> 00:34:12,967 on the 21st floor. 644 00:34:13,176 --> 00:34:15,136 What do we see? How is the game? 645 00:34:16,387 --> 00:34:18,347 Oh, it was fighting from the start. 646 00:34:18,431 --> 00:34:20,516 - From the start? - Yes, yes. 647 00:34:20,600 --> 00:34:23,019 - AlphaGo plays very well. - Yes? 648 00:34:23,102 --> 00:34:26,481 - It's like a top professional. - Just like top professionals? 649 00:34:26,564 --> 00:34:28,316 Yes, it's very aggressive. 650 00:34:30,359 --> 00:34:31,736 - It's blocked! - Is that blocking? 651 00:34:32,737 --> 00:34:34,781 How did he dare to decide? 652 00:34:35,448 --> 00:34:37,909 This can't be true. 653 00:34:37,992 --> 00:34:40,203 Now, the battle is getting harder is very complicated. 654 00:34:40,286 --> 00:34:43,372 Um, this is actually the first time I have seen AlphaGo 655 00:34:43,998 --> 00:34:47,335 playing games who have this difficult fight. 656 00:34:52,048 --> 00:34:53,466 This can happen 657 00:34:53,549 --> 00:34:54,884 Se-dol Lee is nervous. 658 00:34:55,343 --> 00:34:58,221 Because AlphaGo uses one minute to 1.5 minutes in any situation. 659 00:34:59,013 --> 00:35:02,558 This action is not like humans at all. 660 00:35:03,559 --> 00:35:05,520 No matter how complex you make games, 661 00:35:05,603 --> 00:35:07,483 AlphaGo plays as if he knows everything is already. 662 00:35:09,899 --> 00:35:12,235 I only saw it seeing on the face of his opponent. 663 00:35:12,485 --> 00:35:15,363 - And that's just a kind of habit. - It's just an instinct, 664 00:35:15,571 --> 00:35:17,549 as a player, to see that person in front of you. 665 00:35:17,573 --> 00:35:21,661 Yes, that's something that Se-dol Lee did 666 00:35:21,744 --> 00:35:23,871 when he wondered how his opponent felt. 667 00:35:23,955 --> 00:35:25,957 - Right. - That's just a habit. 668 00:35:26,040 --> 00:35:29,544 So, not Aja Huang will give giveaway 669 00:35:29,627 --> 00:35:32,505 - Because Aja Huang isn't AlphaGo, right? - Correct. Right. 670 00:35:41,472 --> 00:35:42,682 He almost moves. 671 00:35:42,765 --> 00:35:44,433 Lee smiled a little. 672 00:35:44,517 --> 00:35:46,727 - No. That... - I think Lee is wrong? 673 00:35:46,811 --> 00:35:48,980 He will move that doesn't make sense. 674 00:35:49,063 --> 00:35:51,065 - Here it is... - What did he do? 675 00:35:52,275 --> 00:35:54,586 If he puts the stone there, he will lose the game today. 676 00:35:54,610 --> 00:35:57,405 - He tried to place it here, - His hand... 677 00:35:57,488 --> 00:35:59,365 but he moved his hand there without thinking. 678 00:35:59,448 --> 00:36:01,701 - He has many things to ponder. - Well, I think... 679 00:36:03,119 --> 00:36:04,745 He is tired now. 680 00:36:05,079 --> 00:36:06,414 - I think... - Well... 681 00:36:07,331 --> 00:36:08,583 He looks a little panicked. 682 00:36:10,418 --> 00:36:13,588 This is the problem we are most afraid. 683 00:36:13,671 --> 00:36:14,671 Yes. 684 00:36:14,714 --> 00:36:16,299 - Self-doubt. - Self-doubt. 685 00:36:28,519 --> 00:36:30,146 With humans, when you play, 686 00:36:30,229 --> 00:36:32,523 You can have an exchange, with feelings. 687 00:36:33,149 --> 00:36:36,986 I see you. I know that, okay, maybe you want to talk to me. 688 00:36:37,403 --> 00:36:38,988 Maybe you are afraid of me. 689 00:36:39,071 --> 00:36:40,781 I can feel a lot, many things. 690 00:36:40,865 --> 00:36:43,659 But with AlphaGo, you can't feel anything. 691 00:36:45,077 --> 00:36:47,914 So when you don't feel anything when you play, 692 00:36:47,997 --> 00:36:50,791 You have more questions for yourself. 693 00:36:51,417 --> 00:36:53,586 At first, you think, "Okay, my move is good. 694 00:36:53,669 --> 00:36:56,589 Is that really good? Very good? 695 00:36:56,923 --> 00:36:57,924 Oh, maybe that's bad. I put it here? " Increasingly. 696 00:36:58,007 --> 00:36:59,258 It's hard to know where to be. 697 00:36:59,342 --> 00:37:00,676 698 00:37:00,760 --> 00:37:01,886 699 00:37:02,929 --> 00:37:04,263 700 00:37:04,347 --> 00:37:06,617 All rooms are different like interesting in different ways. 701 00:37:06,641 --> 00:37:08,309 Mm-hm. Right. 702 00:37:08,392 --> 00:37:11,145 It's quite fun to be here at the heart of surgery. 703 00:37:11,229 --> 00:37:12,813 Yes, I feel safe here. 704 00:37:14,899 --> 00:37:16,943 White is thinking of doing this big invasion here 705 00:37:17,026 --> 00:37:18,069 from the thick wall. 706 00:37:19,070 --> 00:37:20,154 Yes, do it. 707 00:37:20,905 --> 00:37:23,074 Stone enters. He entered. 708 00:37:23,491 --> 00:37:25,251 - Look at his face. Look at his face. - Yes 709 00:37:26,953 --> 00:37:28,454 It's not a confident face. 710 00:37:28,829 --> 00:37:31,082 He is quite horrified by it. 711 00:37:31,624 --> 00:37:34,210 I don't believe what I see now. 712 00:37:34,293 --> 00:37:35,503 Very... 713 00:37:35,962 --> 00:37:39,298 - Se-dol, he is a little left behind. - Mm-hm. 714 00:37:39,382 --> 00:37:41,592 - And he made a very aggressive move here. - Good. 715 00:37:41,676 --> 00:37:43,052 And make it very complicated. 716 00:37:43,135 --> 00:37:44,804 - Good. - I think Se-dol Lee, 717 00:37:44,887 --> 00:37:47,306 - if he doesn't respond correctly, - Uh huh. 718 00:37:47,390 --> 00:37:49,267 then he can faint. 719 00:37:50,977 --> 00:37:55,106 I mean, this doesn't make sense as a Go human player. 720 00:37:55,564 --> 00:37:57,441 What if he knows everything 721 00:37:57,525 --> 00:37:59,193 about what will happen next? 722 00:37:59,277 --> 00:38:00,194 Where are we? 723 00:38:00,278 --> 00:38:04,532 Following our search depth, we are looking, 50 or 60 moving forward. 724 00:38:05,074 --> 00:38:07,368 That maximum number moves forward 725 00:38:07,451 --> 00:38:10,871 the AlphaGo search for from the current game position. 726 00:38:10,955 --> 00:38:15,209 Usually more than 50. This is often more than 60. 727 00:38:16,043 --> 00:38:19,630 In the game we have seen, often moves around 150, 728 00:38:19,714 --> 00:38:21,215 AlphaGo applies to killing. 729 00:38:21,299 --> 00:38:24,719 We are moving 150 now, so we are heading to that tactical point. 730 00:38:28,347 --> 00:38:30,057 We are all astonished, 731 00:38:30,725 --> 00:38:35,354 right in the middle of the game because AlphaGo is, uh... 732 00:38:35,438 --> 00:38:38,941 It seems to do a much better job than we all think. 733 00:38:39,442 --> 00:38:43,946 I think Se-dol Lee will lead the game comfortably, 734 00:38:44,030 --> 00:38:46,949 but apparently he struggled right now. 735 00:38:47,283 --> 00:38:50,578 But, I think, finally, he will win. I hope. 736 00:38:51,120 --> 00:38:54,123 I, you know, are five to zero, 737 00:38:55,041 --> 00:38:57,543 but now, I'm not sure about that. 738 00:39:01,881 --> 00:39:03,215 What is this? 739 00:39:03,674 --> 00:39:04,967 AlphaGo makes a mistake. 740 00:39:06,052 --> 00:39:07,172 AlphaGo made a mistake here. 741 00:39:07,470 --> 00:39:09,096 What a mistake. 742 00:39:09,180 --> 00:39:11,265 Maybe it's the first mistake, 743 00:39:11,640 --> 00:39:15,227 clear types of errors that are made white. 744 00:39:15,603 --> 00:39:19,523 AlphaGo makes errors in the game from time to time. 745 00:39:20,358 --> 00:39:23,402 If AlphaGo wins with a small difference in the end, 746 00:39:23,861 --> 00:39:26,572 maybe it's played enough to win. 747 00:39:27,239 --> 00:39:29,367 The reason I stopped talking a minute ago 748 00:39:29,450 --> 00:39:32,370 is that according to my count, AlphaGo might have more points. 749 00:39:33,371 --> 00:39:35,539 I didn't tell you because I can't believe it. 750 00:39:35,623 --> 00:39:37,208 It seems like it's a mistake, 751 00:39:37,291 --> 00:39:39,728 but because based on calculations, is actually not a mistake. 752 00:39:39,752 --> 00:39:40,878 Yes yes. 753 00:39:41,253 --> 00:39:43,589 So if it's really based on on calculations... 754 00:39:44,590 --> 00:39:46,717 it's very scary. 755 00:39:46,801 --> 00:39:50,137 That means just playing with his opponent. 756 00:39:50,221 --> 00:39:52,061 Myung-wan, it looks like you have to count. 757 00:39:52,390 --> 00:39:53,474 Yes right. 758 00:39:53,557 --> 00:39:55,935 - What do you think? Yes. - Done. Yes. 759 00:39:56,018 --> 00:39:58,396 White wins a lot at this time. That looks like that. 760 00:39:58,479 --> 00:40:00,272 If it's like this, white has won a lot. 761 00:40:00,356 --> 00:40:01,190 Yes. 762 00:40:01,273 --> 00:40:02,900 Two three. I do not believe that. 763 00:40:03,317 --> 00:40:06,112 Thirty six, thirty seven... 764 00:40:06,195 --> 00:40:07,196 Seventy two. 765 00:40:08,781 --> 00:40:09,949 He is lost. 766 00:40:11,367 --> 00:40:12,368 He is lost. 767 00:40:13,160 --> 00:40:14,829 Whoa, this is very surprising. 768 00:40:14,912 --> 00:40:18,916 I... I expect AlphaGo to win only one match. 769 00:40:24,296 --> 00:40:25,297 Gosh. 770 00:40:32,596 --> 00:40:36,267 I can feel the pain. Like him... 771 00:40:36,350 --> 00:40:39,103 He doesn't believe, you know. He can't accept it. 772 00:40:39,186 --> 00:40:42,648 It takes a while to receive the results. 773 00:40:44,733 --> 00:40:47,194 Maybe AlphaGo is very strong now, 774 00:40:47,278 --> 00:40:49,989 but he doesn't want to believe he will lose. 775 00:40:50,573 --> 00:40:52,199 And as a professional player Go, 776 00:40:52,283 --> 00:40:54,160 we can't believe this, 777 00:40:54,243 --> 00:40:59,206 because, for us, is something unimaginable. 778 00:40:59,290 --> 00:41:02,543 That's not something that can happen now. Impossible. 779 00:41:03,085 --> 00:41:04,879 But, the truth is... 780 00:41:05,671 --> 00:41:06,714 that happens now. 781 00:41:08,257 --> 00:41:10,759 I think he resigned in a very polite manner. 782 00:41:11,677 --> 00:41:14,305 Se-dol Lee plays black, but he puts a white stone. 783 00:41:22,855 --> 00:41:24,190 I think he resigned. 784 00:41:26,484 --> 00:41:27,526 Geez. 785 00:41:29,820 --> 00:41:31,322 - Look at the time. It's slow. - Yes 786 00:41:31,405 --> 00:41:32,448 Wow. 787 00:41:40,581 --> 00:41:41,581 You get this. 788 00:41:42,166 --> 00:41:43,834 - Congratulations. - Hey 789 00:41:44,126 --> 00:41:45,126 What's wrong? 790 00:41:46,504 --> 00:41:51,008 I feel very good. I feel like I really believe in AlphaGo. 791 00:41:51,717 --> 00:41:54,136 Of course, it's natural human want humans to win. 792 00:41:54,220 --> 00:41:56,180 I mean, I think that is a natural response. 793 00:41:56,263 --> 00:41:58,015 But AlphaGo is man-made, 794 00:41:58,098 --> 00:42:01,602 and I think that is the final sign human intelligence and intelligence. 795 00:42:01,977 --> 00:42:03,812 Everything AlphaGo does, 796 00:42:03,896 --> 00:42:07,983 that happens, because humans also create data that they learn from, 797 00:42:08,067 --> 00:42:10,903 creating a learning algorithm that learns from that data, 798 00:42:10,986 --> 00:42:12,446 creates a search algorithm. 799 00:42:12,530 --> 00:42:15,574 All of these things come from humans. 800 00:42:15,658 --> 00:42:18,536 So, really, this is human effort. 801 00:42:33,092 --> 00:42:35,261 In battle between humans versus machines, 802 00:42:35,344 --> 00:42:36,929 the computer just came out as a winner. 803 00:42:37,012 --> 00:42:39,765 Enter DeepMind the computer program to test 804 00:42:39,848 --> 00:42:42,643 against one of the smartest minds in the world and win. 805 00:42:42,726 --> 00:42:45,020 AlphaGo beats a professional player 806 00:42:45,104 --> 00:42:48,482 who has 18 World Go Champions under his belt. 807 00:42:48,566 --> 00:42:52,194 Victory is considered a breakthrough in artificial intelligence. 808 00:42:54,196 --> 00:42:56,323 First of all, 809 00:42:56,407 --> 00:42:58,093 I have to say that I was very surprised, 810 00:42:58,117 --> 00:43:01,620 because I don't think that I will lose the game. 811 00:43:02,705 --> 00:43:05,457 I think the mistake I made was originally 812 00:43:05,541 --> 00:43:07,376 lasts until the end. 813 00:43:07,459 --> 00:43:09,420 That's why I lost this game. 814 00:43:09,795 --> 00:43:12,006 I can't predict it. 815 00:43:12,089 --> 00:43:15,593 I don't think AlphaGo will play games in a perfect way. 816 00:43:15,676 --> 00:43:21,974 I have won the world title and have a lot of experience, 817 00:43:22,057 --> 00:43:27,229 So losing one match will not affect me in playing games in the future. 818 00:43:27,313 --> 00:43:31,483 I think it's now 50/50. 819 00:43:31,984 --> 00:43:37,197 I want to express it my respect to the team 820 00:43:37,281 --> 00:43:41,744 to develop extraordinary programs like that 821 00:43:41,827 --> 00:43:43,454 like AlphaGo. 822 00:43:45,664 --> 00:43:46,790 In research, 823 00:43:46,874 --> 00:43:49,710 we usually work to produce academic papers. 824 00:43:49,793 --> 00:43:51,813 It was published, and maybe we can talk about it 825 00:43:51,837 --> 00:43:53,297 in a conference if we are lucky. 826 00:43:55,215 --> 00:43:57,092 This is not normal for research. 827 00:43:57,176 --> 00:44:01,764 In fact, I never experienced it media attention close to this. 828 00:44:01,847 --> 00:44:06,101 So, this is a special moment for all of us, and we only enjoy it while it lasts. 829 00:44:11,690 --> 00:44:14,818 In the fight between humans and machines, who wins? 830 00:44:14,902 --> 00:44:16,612 So far, this is the engine. 831 00:44:16,695 --> 00:44:20,324 In Seoul, South Korea, computers with artificial intelligence 832 00:44:20,407 --> 00:44:25,162 defeat global champions in the ancient Chinese Go board game. 833 00:44:25,245 --> 00:44:26,514 AlphaGo Shock AI Shocks the World 834 00:44:26,538 --> 00:44:30,000 Se-dol Lee loses in the first fight, but he has four more opportunities. 835 00:44:30,376 --> 00:44:31,669 This is the team 836 00:44:31,752 --> 00:44:35,255 who plays Go with Se-dol Lee. 837 00:44:35,339 --> 00:44:36,840 We got our newspaper. 838 00:44:36,924 --> 00:44:39,284 But we are not responsible. Only men in beanies. 839 00:44:42,221 --> 00:44:43,055 Sorry. 840 00:44:43,138 --> 00:44:45,182 AI Defeats the Human Brain 841 00:44:45,265 --> 00:44:47,309 Somewhat strange is on the front cover 842 00:44:47,393 --> 00:44:49,478 and all as computer scientists. 843 00:44:49,561 --> 00:44:51,939 Usually, you sit there in your corner and code. 844 00:44:52,022 --> 00:44:53,649 Nobody really knows about that. 845 00:44:53,732 --> 00:44:54,918 Maybe you've heard the joke, 846 00:44:54,942 --> 00:44:57,069 "How do you know that a computer scientist 847 00:44:57,152 --> 00:44:59,405 is an extrovert and not an introvert?" 848 00:45:00,114 --> 00:45:02,241 If he's an extrovert, he sees your shoes 849 00:45:02,324 --> 00:45:04,535 when he talks to you, instead of yourself. 850 00:45:06,412 --> 00:45:10,916 If you see Aja, he avoids all cameras like crazy. 851 00:45:11,250 --> 00:45:14,253 He is like, the game is over, and he, like, comes out from behind, 852 00:45:14,336 --> 00:45:15,921 and return to his room. 853 00:45:16,672 --> 00:45:20,175 And I think many computer scientists will be like that. 854 00:45:20,676 --> 00:45:24,179 We do more of our work than standing in the spotlight. 855 00:45:25,848 --> 00:45:29,810 Hello and welcome to Game Two, Round Two, 856 00:45:29,893 --> 00:45:32,438 in the Google DeepMind Challenge 857 00:45:32,521 --> 00:45:35,315 setbacks between humans and machines. 858 00:45:35,607 --> 00:45:39,111 Game One, the machine drops humans. 859 00:45:39,445 --> 00:45:42,573 Big shocks. Main news around the world. 860 00:45:42,656 --> 00:45:46,702 The reaction on the ground here from people in Korea is just stunned. 861 00:45:46,785 --> 00:45:50,289 They estimate 60 million people watch matches in China alone. 862 00:45:50,372 --> 00:45:52,708 Maybe raising it to to maybe 80 million people 863 00:45:52,791 --> 00:45:54,126 who watched this match around the world. 864 00:45:54,209 --> 00:45:55,711 That's amazing. 865 00:45:55,794 --> 00:45:59,381 And if there is, today maybe is even more than a crazy house. 866 00:46:00,048 --> 00:46:01,550 So, Se-dol Lee knows today. 867 00:46:01,633 --> 00:46:04,261 He knows that this is fair a very important game. Right? 868 00:46:04,344 --> 00:46:05,344 He must win. 869 00:46:09,725 --> 00:46:11,643 Go, Se-dol Lee! 870 00:46:11,727 --> 00:46:12,895 Fight! 871 00:46:14,104 --> 00:46:15,606 Can you know what Lee 872 00:46:15,689 --> 00:46:17,000 is thinking by looking at his face? 873 00:46:17,024 --> 00:46:17,858 Does he look nervous? 874 00:46:17,941 --> 00:46:20,360 Yes. Lee seems very tense. 875 00:46:21,320 --> 00:46:24,531 My guess is he didn't sleep well last night. 876 00:46:24,615 --> 00:46:26,783 Se-dol Lee with white, 877 00:46:26,867 --> 00:46:30,037 I think maybe looking for for a little reply. 878 00:46:30,454 --> 00:46:33,707 My impression is maybe he underestimated AlphaGo, 879 00:46:33,790 --> 00:46:35,459 and he will change his tactics. 880 00:46:37,711 --> 00:46:40,339 Se-dol Lee is playing away, slower today. 881 00:46:40,422 --> 00:46:41,298 Yes. 882 00:46:41,381 --> 00:46:42,925 - Which will affect us. - Yes. 883 00:46:43,342 --> 00:46:44,982 He plays half the speed, actually. 884 00:46:45,719 --> 00:46:47,846 It's hard to say who is ahead 885 00:46:47,930 --> 00:46:49,097 or better now. 886 00:46:49,181 --> 00:46:53,310 The last two steps make me doubt AlphaGoo's ability. 887 00:46:53,393 --> 00:46:56,104 - But we must remain vigilant. - Yes. 888 00:46:56,188 --> 00:46:58,469 - Yes. This is difficult. - AlphaGo is difficult to understand. 889 00:46:58,524 --> 00:47:00,400 If I see something about AlphaGo 890 00:47:00,484 --> 00:47:03,445 it's not normal, maybe how to handle the game 891 00:47:03,529 --> 00:47:05,822 - when thinking it up front. - Yes. 892 00:47:05,906 --> 00:47:08,325 We will actually visit from one of the teams, 893 00:47:08,408 --> 00:47:10,994 and we will talk about exactly that point from inside. 894 00:47:11,078 --> 00:47:12,538 Thank you very much for coming, Thore. 895 00:47:12,621 --> 00:47:13,705 I really appreciate that. 896 00:47:13,914 --> 00:47:18,418 Can you share a little what happened on AlphaGo? 897 00:47:18,502 --> 00:47:21,797 So, AlphaGo has all three major components. 898 00:47:21,880 --> 00:47:23,757 There is a policy network, 899 00:47:23,840 --> 00:47:28,720 who are trained in high level games to imitate the players. 900 00:47:29,221 --> 00:47:33,058 And then, we have a second component. We call it net value. 901 00:47:33,141 --> 00:47:35,686 And that can evaluate the board position 902 00:47:35,769 --> 00:47:39,773 and say what is the probability of winning in this particular position. 903 00:47:40,107 --> 00:47:42,985 And the third component is tree search, 904 00:47:43,068 --> 00:47:46,780 where it will be seen different game variations 905 00:47:46,863 --> 00:47:49,449 and try to find out What will happen in the future. 906 00:47:52,744 --> 00:47:54,913 So if we take a position like this now, 907 00:47:55,455 --> 00:47:58,875 first, network policy will scan the position 908 00:47:59,209 --> 00:48:03,839 and come up with what will happen interesting places to play, 909 00:48:04,339 --> 00:48:07,259 and it builds a variation tree. 910 00:48:07,342 --> 00:48:10,053 And then use this value net 911 00:48:10,137 --> 00:48:14,975 which tells how promising the results are this particular variation. 912 00:48:17,603 --> 00:48:22,274 So, AlphaGo tries to maximize the probability of winning, 913 00:48:22,691 --> 00:48:26,445 but that doesn't matter at all the margin won. 914 00:48:26,528 --> 00:48:28,655 Okay, so when you see it a movement that looks slow, 915 00:48:28,739 --> 00:48:32,409 that may be an indication that AlphaGo thinks it has a good chance of winning. 916 00:48:32,492 --> 00:48:35,120 - Yes, that's a little giveaway. - Yes 917 00:48:35,203 --> 00:48:37,323 - Little know. We are looking for. - Oh, yes. 918 00:48:37,372 --> 00:48:39,333 Se-dol Lee is playing 919 00:48:39,416 --> 00:48:41,877 in a completely different style from his usual style. 920 00:48:41,960 --> 00:48:47,049 These historic moments and Se-dol Lee are the center of attention. 921 00:48:47,132 --> 00:48:49,468 He must have felt tremendous pressure. 922 00:48:49,551 --> 00:48:54,264 I hope he gets well this pressure and enjoy the match. 923 00:49:07,152 --> 00:49:08,904 Ooh, looks like Lee 924 00:49:08,987 --> 00:49:10,347 take a little rest. 925 00:49:28,632 --> 00:49:30,342 Se-dol Lee goes smoking, 926 00:49:30,842 --> 00:49:32,427 and AlphaGo just play. 927 00:49:32,511 --> 00:49:35,472 It was not thought out whether the opponent would exist or not. 928 00:49:35,889 --> 00:49:39,685 So, Aja saw AlphaGo play step 37, 929 00:49:40,477 --> 00:49:42,604 and just put the stone on the board. 930 00:49:44,648 --> 00:49:46,149 - Oh. - Oh wow. 931 00:49:48,193 --> 00:49:50,278 - Oh, that's really an unthinkable step. - Yes. 932 00:49:50,987 --> 00:49:52,114 Value... 933 00:49:53,990 --> 00:49:56,702 That's very... It's a very surprising step. 934 00:49:56,785 --> 00:49:59,996 I think it's a mistake. 935 00:50:01,331 --> 00:50:04,710 When I see this step, for me, it's just a big surprise. 936 00:50:04,793 --> 00:50:05,793 What? 937 00:50:06,628 --> 00:50:08,422 Usually, humans will never play this one 938 00:50:08,505 --> 00:50:10,048 because it's bad. 939 00:50:11,299 --> 00:50:13,019 That's bad. We don't know why, it's bad. 940 00:50:13,593 --> 00:50:15,220 It's a little high. 941 00:50:15,512 --> 00:50:16,388 Yes? 942 00:50:16,471 --> 00:50:17,764 This is the fifth row. 943 00:50:17,848 --> 00:50:20,267 Usually, you don't make it shoulder blows in the fifth row. 944 00:50:20,851 --> 00:50:24,146 So, coming above the fourth line zone is really unusual. 945 00:50:24,646 --> 00:50:26,273 Yes, that's an interesting step. 946 00:50:26,356 --> 00:50:29,067 I think we see an original step here. 947 00:50:29,735 --> 00:50:34,114 That is the type of movement You play Go for. 948 00:50:35,657 --> 00:50:36,657 Hey. 949 00:50:38,785 --> 00:50:40,203 Interesting thing. 950 00:50:40,287 --> 00:50:42,831 - This fifth line shoulder attack is good. - Yes 951 00:50:42,914 --> 00:50:44,249 And I don't expect that. 952 00:50:45,250 --> 00:50:48,128 I don't really know whether it's good or bad at this point. 953 00:50:48,211 --> 00:50:51,673 Professional commentators almost unanimously say 954 00:50:51,757 --> 00:50:54,926 it is not a human player will choose to move 37. 955 00:50:55,510 --> 00:50:57,554 So, I really raved on AlphaGo 956 00:50:57,637 --> 00:50:59,389 to see what AlphaGo thinks. 957 00:50:59,890 --> 00:51:02,684 And AlphaGo really agrees with that assessment. 958 00:51:03,226 --> 00:51:06,521 AlphaGo says there are 1-in-10,000 probabilities 959 00:51:06,605 --> 00:51:10,108 that movement 37 will be played by human players. 960 00:51:10,192 --> 00:51:12,611 So he knows this a very unlikely step. 961 00:51:12,694 --> 00:51:15,739 This goes beyond the human guide, 962 00:51:15,822 --> 00:51:19,034 and it appears with something new and creative and different. 963 00:51:19,993 --> 00:51:24,748 I really pay attention to the match through this commentator. 964 00:51:24,831 --> 00:51:25,957 That's how it works. 965 00:51:26,041 --> 00:51:28,418 So when they are confused, I must be confused. 966 00:51:28,502 --> 00:51:30,262 At the same time, I stick to the facts 967 00:51:30,337 --> 00:51:31,922 that they are confused, right? 968 00:51:32,005 --> 00:51:33,924 That's an interesting moment. 969 00:51:34,007 --> 00:51:36,676 When other people are confused, who is not confused, right, 970 00:51:36,760 --> 00:51:37,761 other than that machine? 971 00:51:42,182 --> 00:51:45,769 I want to see Se-dol Lee when he sees this step. 972 00:51:50,982 --> 00:51:52,651 He is back. Lee is back. 973 00:52:14,881 --> 00:52:16,383 I think AlphaGo 974 00:52:16,466 --> 00:52:19,177 based on probability calculations 975 00:52:19,761 --> 00:52:23,682 and that is just a machine. 976 00:52:24,349 --> 00:52:26,184 But when I see this step, I change my mind. 977 00:52:27,352 --> 00:52:29,104 Surely, AlphaGo is creative. 978 00:52:30,480 --> 00:52:36,528 This step is truly creative and beautiful. 979 00:52:39,781 --> 00:52:41,116 Usually, he thinks 980 00:52:41,199 --> 00:52:43,243 for about one or two minutes no more than that. 981 00:52:43,326 --> 00:52:46,371 But this time, he thought for more than 12 minutes. 982 00:52:55,130 --> 00:52:59,050 The more I see this step, I feel something has changed. 983 00:53:00,677 --> 00:53:03,471 Maybe, for humans, we think it's bad, 984 00:53:03,555 --> 00:53:05,682 but for AlphaGo, why not? 985 00:53:06,683 --> 00:53:08,184 Go like geopolitics, 986 00:53:08,268 --> 00:53:10,061 like something small happening here, 987 00:53:10,145 --> 00:53:11,396 it can have a ripple effect, 988 00:53:11,938 --> 00:53:15,483 You know, hours on the road on different parts of the board. 989 00:53:15,859 --> 00:53:18,945 The game is like turning on the axis at that time. 990 00:53:19,654 --> 00:53:21,448 This step is very special, 991 00:53:21,531 --> 00:53:22,824 because with this step, 992 00:53:23,199 --> 00:53:25,243 all stones played before 993 00:53:25,327 --> 00:53:26,411 work together. 994 00:53:26,494 --> 00:53:27,704 It is connected. 995 00:53:27,787 --> 00:53:30,123 It looks like a network, is linked everywhere. 996 00:53:30,582 --> 00:53:31,791 That's very special. 997 00:53:32,250 --> 00:53:33,335 Very special. 998 00:53:34,794 --> 00:53:36,504 This step makes me think 999 00:53:36,588 --> 00:53:39,799 about Going in a new light. 1000 00:53:40,675 --> 00:53:44,763 What is the creative meaning in Go? 1001 00:53:45,555 --> 00:53:47,766 That is a very meaningful step. 1002 00:53:50,769 --> 00:53:52,270 This is a difficult game 1003 00:53:52,354 --> 00:53:53,229 for Se-dol Lee. 1004 00:53:53,313 --> 00:53:55,690 AlphaGo doesn't allow Se-dol Lee 1005 00:53:55,774 --> 00:53:57,025 - Do what he wants. - Correct. 1006 00:53:57,400 --> 00:54:00,070 Black has almost 60 points. That's a lot. 1007 00:54:00,612 --> 00:54:01,988 That's not a good sign. 1008 00:54:02,614 --> 00:54:04,032 Oh Oh 1009 00:54:04,115 --> 00:54:06,701 Se-dol Lee just slapped himself on the side of the head. 1010 00:54:07,827 --> 00:54:08,954 Oh wow. 1011 00:54:10,080 --> 00:54:11,665 I think black is ahead at this time. 1012 00:54:12,999 --> 00:54:15,210 It looks good, right? We are good... a stable road now. 1013 00:54:16,086 --> 00:54:17,420 I just saw Se-dol Lee... 1014 00:54:19,172 --> 00:54:21,132 losing so much. 1015 00:54:22,092 --> 00:54:23,635 1016 00:54:23,718 --> 00:54:26,846 Usually, we will resign it's been a long time, but he wants to try. 1017 00:54:27,222 --> 00:54:28,682 He continues to play. 1018 00:54:28,765 --> 00:54:31,059 He just doesn't want to resign. 1019 00:54:46,700 --> 00:54:48,576 Because then it's white... Oh, he resigned. 1020 00:54:49,327 --> 00:54:52,038 Seems like Se-dol Lee has just resigned. 1021 00:54:55,291 --> 00:54:57,419 That doesn't make sense. I don't predict that one. 1022 00:54:57,502 --> 00:54:59,879 - Move 37, very beautiful. - Yes. 1023 00:54:59,963 --> 00:55:01,589 Beautiful, huh. Beautiful. 1024 00:55:05,010 --> 00:55:06,052 Is he okay? 1025 00:55:07,345 --> 00:55:10,390 I brought his friend, because yesterday I noticed 1026 00:55:10,473 --> 00:55:12,726 that he really wants to analyze the game. 1027 00:55:12,809 --> 00:55:16,104 I don't realize how bad it is. 1028 00:55:20,608 --> 00:55:22,402 There is this heavy sadness 1029 00:55:22,485 --> 00:55:24,362 on the whole floor, 1030 00:55:24,446 --> 00:55:25,989 and you can feel it during the game. 1031 00:55:26,072 --> 00:55:27,532 I felt it during the match. 1032 00:55:27,615 --> 00:55:31,453 And I leave the comments room to go to the press conference, 1033 00:55:31,536 --> 00:55:32,954 and I was stopped by someone, 1034 00:55:33,038 --> 00:55:34,330 other technology reporter. 1035 00:55:34,414 --> 00:55:36,207 At first, everything he wants to talk about 1036 00:55:36,291 --> 00:55:38,084 is technology and how great this is, 1037 00:55:38,168 --> 00:55:42,297 but then, even he slipped in this melancholic moment 1038 00:55:42,380 --> 00:55:43,882 where he is also upset. 1039 00:55:45,675 --> 00:55:51,139 Yesterday, I was surprised, but today, I can't say anything. 1040 00:55:51,848 --> 00:55:53,683 "I can't say anything. 1041 00:55:53,767 --> 00:55:56,853 I admit that it is a very clear loss on my part. 1042 00:55:57,270 --> 00:55:59,105 From the beginning of the game, 1043 00:55:59,189 --> 00:56:02,901 there are no moments in time that I feel that I am lead the game. " 1044 00:56:03,610 --> 00:56:07,155 You feel happy, and you feel a little scared. 1045 00:56:07,238 --> 00:56:10,492 There is something, I think, is frightening to people 1046 00:56:10,575 --> 00:56:12,786 about self-learning machines. 1047 00:56:13,369 --> 00:56:16,664 For us, AlphaGo is clear only a few computer programs. 1048 00:56:17,123 --> 00:56:19,667 But see the comments on the internet, 1049 00:56:19,751 --> 00:56:22,045 I've seen commentators call AlphaGo 1050 00:56:22,128 --> 00:56:24,255 like "he" and "he" during the match. 1051 00:56:25,006 --> 00:56:26,591 Really unconscious. 1052 00:56:27,175 --> 00:56:30,512 Which... AlphaGo really is a very, very simple program. 1053 00:56:30,595 --> 00:56:34,099 This isn't close to full AI, and we've seen that happen. 1054 00:56:34,182 --> 00:56:35,558 So in my opinion it's very interesting. 1055 00:56:40,647 --> 00:56:43,149 The tendency to anthropomorphize the AI system 1056 00:56:43,233 --> 00:56:45,401 is one big obstacle 1057 00:56:45,485 --> 00:56:47,403 on the road actually try to understand 1058 00:56:47,487 --> 00:56:50,115 how can AI affect the world in the future. 1059 00:56:50,198 --> 00:56:51,634 For example, the conversation is about 1060 00:56:51,658 --> 00:56:53,618 what can be wrong, what are the risks. 1061 00:56:53,993 --> 00:56:56,204 And always, you see this Terminator picture. 1062 00:56:56,287 --> 00:56:58,957 Every time, there are these red sparkling eyes, right? 1063 00:56:59,040 --> 00:57:01,543 We are really closer to the smart washing machine 1064 00:57:01,626 --> 00:57:03,211 from the Terminator. 1065 00:57:03,294 --> 00:57:06,422 If you see AI today, 1066 00:57:06,506 --> 00:57:09,050 we are really very new born. 1067 00:57:09,134 --> 00:57:11,136 I'm very excited 1068 00:57:11,219 --> 00:57:14,472 and excited about the potential of AI. 1069 00:57:14,556 --> 00:57:17,892 But the AI is still very limited in strength. 1070 00:57:18,393 --> 00:57:20,520 I think those people are right to think 1071 00:57:21,146 --> 00:57:25,024 that there is a danger when we continue to improve this system, 1072 00:57:25,108 --> 00:57:30,155 that we might lose that threshold where we cross into danger. 1073 00:57:30,238 --> 00:57:31,239 But the good news is 1074 00:57:31,322 --> 00:57:33,467 that there are already people thinking about that danger. 1075 00:57:33,491 --> 00:57:36,303 You know, there is a lot of talk now, and we are leading the discussion about this, 1076 00:57:36,327 --> 00:57:37,763 there might have to be something like that, 1077 00:57:37,787 --> 00:57:40,540 cross-industry best practices work groups or something. 1078 00:57:40,623 --> 00:57:41,458 Right. 1079 00:57:41,541 --> 00:57:45,295 Where are the leaders of the research team in these organizations, 1080 00:57:45,378 --> 00:57:48,548 You know, the big ones who work on AI, IBM, Microsoft, and so on 1081 00:57:48,631 --> 00:57:52,552 get together and make sure that AI is used ethically and responsibly. 1082 00:57:53,511 --> 00:57:57,390 I think what's important is that there is a community of these people who leads the spearhead of AI, 1083 00:57:57,474 --> 00:58:01,644 who interact with academics, 1084 00:58:01,728 --> 00:58:03,813 and have thought about the long term, 1085 00:58:03,897 --> 00:58:06,900 and how can we make sure that innovation is responsible 1086 00:58:06,983 --> 00:58:10,653 as the power of these machines is even bigger. 1087 00:58:10,737 --> 00:58:12,780 Se-dol Lee Missing due to Resignation 1088 00:58:12,864 --> 00:58:15,241 Here it is, friends. 1089 00:58:15,325 --> 00:58:16,409 Third Day, Game Three. Se-dol Lee, Go Master. 1090 00:58:17,118 --> 00:58:21,664 Return to the wall. He dropped two zeros. 1091 00:58:22,207 --> 00:58:25,627 He must win today to keep hope alive. 1092 00:58:25,710 --> 00:58:29,088 Se-dol Lee has a holiday 1093 00:58:29,172 --> 00:58:32,592 after losing two games, 1094 00:58:32,675 --> 00:58:34,302 1095 00:58:34,719 --> 00:58:39,474 and he gathered with professionals Go 1096 00:58:39,557 --> 00:58:43,186 and analyze the game all night. 1097 00:58:43,269 --> 00:58:46,606 I heard that four pros, yes, went to visit him. 1098 00:58:46,689 --> 00:58:49,776 - Hm. - To entertain him and review AlphaGo... 1099 00:58:49,859 --> 00:58:52,570 Her console? Do you think he's upset, or... 1100 00:58:52,654 --> 00:58:54,822 I mean, Se-dol Lee upset. Yes. 1101 00:58:55,323 --> 00:58:58,117 At first, _ there was a fierce battle, 1102 00:58:58,201 --> 00:59:00,453 and AlphaGo play very well. 1103 00:59:00,537 --> 00:59:02,580 So he got the advantage very early. 1104 00:59:02,997 --> 00:59:06,334 From step 50, the victory level is very high. 1105 00:59:06,417 --> 00:59:08,795 It climbs to 100%. 1106 00:59:09,128 --> 00:59:10,296 Oh, that's a good step. 1107 00:59:10,380 --> 00:59:12,465 What is your probability value? 1108 00:59:12,549 --> 00:59:14,551 - Like, 91? - No. 1109 00:59:14,634 --> 00:59:17,637 - Looks like 70, do you think? - No. 1110 00:59:17,720 --> 00:59:19,931 He definitely wants to win desperately now. 1111 00:59:20,014 --> 00:59:21,683 CHALLENGES AI 0 VS. 2 1112 00:59:21,766 --> 00:59:24,060 But I feel the pressure 1113 00:59:24,143 --> 00:59:26,688 and psychological burden increases. 1114 00:59:26,771 --> 00:59:29,816 Today is the worst. 1115 00:59:29,899 --> 00:59:31,609 I personally believe, 1116 00:59:31,693 --> 00:59:35,947 when you try too hard to win, you will lose. 1117 00:59:36,656 --> 00:59:37,907 He tried to fight 1118 00:59:37,991 --> 00:59:39,200 directly in the game 1119 00:59:39,284 --> 00:59:40,493 but it's not his style. 1120 00:59:41,160 --> 00:59:44,581 When we change our style to play against an opponent, 1121 00:59:44,664 --> 00:59:46,666 usually, very, very bad. 1122 00:59:49,877 --> 00:59:53,506 So this is an easier game for AlphaGo. 1123 00:59:54,632 --> 00:59:56,676 - This looks good for us. - Hopefully, I think... 1124 00:59:56,759 --> 00:59:59,721 You know, the black group is very large, and there is no place to go, 1125 00:59:59,804 --> 01:00:01,764 and it will roam. 1126 01:00:11,190 --> 01:00:14,152 I don't know how to describe the situation. 1127 01:00:14,235 --> 01:00:16,404 If I am black, I will resign. 1128 01:00:16,863 --> 01:00:21,618 We must recognize that we are facing the strongest existence ever, 1129 01:00:21,701 --> 01:00:23,244 ever in the history of Go. 1130 01:00:23,703 --> 01:00:25,663 There is no point in playing endgame, 1131 01:00:25,747 --> 01:00:28,166 and you will lose, right? I see... 1132 01:00:31,127 --> 01:00:32,670 Even though black can stay there... 1133 01:00:32,754 --> 01:00:34,964 - Done. Finish. - Oh, he resigned. Good. 1134 01:00:35,048 --> 01:00:36,799 Wow. Wow. 1135 01:00:38,468 --> 01:00:41,095 You see the history made here tonight. 1136 01:00:41,429 --> 01:00:43,306 AlphaGo has won again. Three consecutive wins. 1137 01:00:43,389 --> 01:00:45,308 Three consecutive wins. Has won the match. 1138 01:00:46,768 --> 01:00:50,480 When Se-dol Lee resigned from the game, she seemed unhappy. 1139 01:00:50,563 --> 01:00:53,024 Not only did he lose the tournament, 1140 01:00:53,107 --> 01:00:55,401 it's mainly about this game, 1141 01:00:55,485 --> 01:00:58,029 because he doesn't play the game. 1142 01:00:58,988 --> 01:01:02,241 I am very hurt about this, very hurt. 1143 01:01:03,743 --> 01:01:05,870 But, I can't do anything. 1144 01:01:08,956 --> 01:01:11,250 You know, suddenly, I feel a little ambivalent about that, 1145 01:01:11,334 --> 01:01:12,752 considering I am a game player, 1146 01:01:12,835 --> 01:01:15,546 and, you know, Go is the top of board games. 1147 01:01:15,630 --> 01:01:16,815 But I really like that statement 1148 01:01:16,839 --> 01:01:19,801 from one of the top Chinese professionals. He said, you know, 1149 01:01:19,884 --> 01:01:25,139 "If AlphaGo wins, maybe we will start to see this game." 1150 01:01:26,808 --> 01:01:28,434 I can't celebrate it. 1151 01:01:28,768 --> 01:01:31,270 That's fantastic we won, 1152 01:01:31,354 --> 01:01:33,231 but there is a big part of me 1153 01:01:33,314 --> 01:01:37,527 who sees this man trying very hard 1154 01:01:37,610 --> 01:01:41,864 and very disappointed. 1155 01:01:58,005 --> 01:02:01,217 I look on the Internet, many people talk about Se-dol Lee. 1156 01:02:01,300 --> 01:02:02,927 Maybe he doesn't play the best. 1157 01:02:03,219 --> 01:02:05,388 You know, we are Go players. 1158 01:02:05,471 --> 01:02:08,182 Okay, sometimes in China, in Korea, in Japan we see Go like art. 1159 01:02:08,266 --> 01:02:09,892 We are artists, you know. 1160 01:02:10,309 --> 01:02:11,686 - We play the best for Go. - Correct. Right. 1161 01:02:11,769 --> 01:02:14,897 1162 01:02:14,981 --> 01:02:17,692 - So, please be gentle with Se-dol Lee. - Correct. 1163 01:02:17,775 --> 01:02:20,862 He's a very, very good player. He's a great player. 1164 01:02:21,404 --> 01:02:24,073 I am in the room. I saw Se-dol Lee. He wants to win. 1165 01:02:24,157 --> 01:02:26,284 He tried everything. 1166 01:02:27,118 --> 01:02:30,496 It's just that we can't. It's just... So... 1167 01:02:32,749 --> 01:02:35,752 I think I have to express it I apologize first. 1168 01:02:37,962 --> 01:02:40,923 If I can play better or smarter, 1169 01:02:41,007 --> 01:02:43,050 the results may be different. 1170 01:02:43,134 --> 01:02:46,262 I think I disappointed you too much this time. 1171 01:02:46,345 --> 01:02:49,474 I want to apologize for being powerless. 1172 01:02:50,475 --> 01:02:52,477 I have never felt... 1173 01:02:52,560 --> 01:02:55,146 a lot of this pressure, 1174 01:02:55,772 --> 01:02:58,065 as heavy as this. 1175 01:02:58,149 --> 01:03:02,195 I think I'm too weak to overcome it. 1176 01:03:03,821 --> 01:03:07,074 I don't believe this happened. 1177 01:03:07,158 --> 01:03:10,036 Regardless of your opponent's level, 1178 01:03:10,119 --> 01:03:12,914 to be defeated not with three zeros, but five zeros? 1179 01:03:13,623 --> 01:03:17,835 Lose to AlphaGo with five zeros 1180 01:03:17,919 --> 01:03:20,755 will really hurt my pride. 1181 01:03:20,838 --> 01:03:26,052 I also feel very bad for the people who have supported me. 1182 01:03:26,761 --> 01:03:28,179 Se-dol Lee, 9 and, 1183 01:03:28,262 --> 01:03:32,141 have the strongest heart of anyone I know. 1184 01:03:32,517 --> 01:03:38,773 He fights alone. 1185 01:03:38,856 --> 01:03:42,318 There is no opponent in physical form. 1186 01:03:42,401 --> 01:03:44,779 I really feel it. 1187 01:03:44,862 --> 01:03:47,114 We still have Games Four and Five, 1188 01:03:47,198 --> 01:03:53,162 and if Se-dol Lee, 9 and, play like themselves, 1189 01:03:53,246 --> 01:03:55,414 I believe we can beat the machine. 1190 01:04:06,926 --> 01:04:08,886 You can see him more relaxed 1191 01:04:08,970 --> 01:04:11,055 after he lost three games in a row. 1192 01:04:11,556 --> 01:04:13,474 It can be said, the stakes are still high. 1193 01:04:13,808 --> 01:04:16,811 You know, in the end, this is not about self-esteem. 1194 01:04:18,229 --> 01:04:20,189 He doesn't feel confident, 1195 01:04:20,606 --> 01:04:22,024 but he feels light. 1196 01:04:22,900 --> 01:04:26,779 Can Se-dol Lee find AlphaGo weaknesses? 1197 01:04:26,863 --> 01:04:28,823 Are there, really, weaknesses? 1198 01:04:28,906 --> 01:04:30,586 I think I will just pull the plug. 1199 01:04:30,616 --> 01:04:32,052 - Will you just pull the plug? - Yes 1200 01:04:32,076 --> 01:04:34,412 Everyone still cheers for Se-dol Lee. 1201 01:04:34,495 --> 01:04:35,621 And... 1202 01:04:36,497 --> 01:04:38,207 Yes, that doesn't work well. 1203 01:04:38,708 --> 01:04:40,293 Se-dol Lee has chosen 1204 01:04:40,376 --> 01:04:42,003 to play conservatively. 1205 01:04:42,086 --> 01:04:45,172 But I am not sure that it will benefit him. 1206 01:04:45,256 --> 01:04:46,256 I agree. 1207 01:04:46,299 --> 01:04:48,459 Yes, it's not like that a very good strategy for him. 1208 01:04:49,010 --> 01:04:50,136 It feels pretty good 1209 01:04:50,219 --> 01:04:51,929 for black at this point. 1210 01:04:52,013 --> 01:04:54,616 - It feels pretty good for black, huh. - Very good for black. Yes. 1211 01:04:54,640 --> 01:04:56,976 I want Se-dol Lee to play the game. 1212 01:04:57,518 --> 01:05:00,187 Because, at that time, he tried various things 1213 01:05:00,271 --> 01:05:02,940 to play with AlphaGo, to understand AlphaGo, 1214 01:05:03,024 --> 01:05:05,234 but he never tried to play alone. 1215 01:05:06,319 --> 01:05:07,546 I have said this many times, 1216 01:05:07,570 --> 01:05:10,448 AlphaGo looks like a real mirror. 1217 01:05:10,990 --> 01:05:12,617 When you play with AlphaGo, 1218 01:05:13,200 --> 01:05:15,369 You feel very strange. 1219 01:05:15,745 --> 01:05:18,456 It feels like you are naked all the time. 1220 01:05:19,081 --> 01:05:21,560 The first time you see this, you don't want to see because... 1221 01:05:21,584 --> 01:05:24,086 "Oh, is this me? The real me?" 1222 01:05:24,921 --> 01:05:27,298 And the more you see, you learn to accept it. 1223 01:05:27,673 --> 01:05:29,175 "Oh, here I am. 1224 01:05:29,258 --> 01:05:32,053 So, how... Now, what should I do?" 1225 01:05:36,682 --> 01:05:39,226 This develops into a very, very dangerous battle. 1226 01:05:40,019 --> 01:05:44,190 This is really the type of Se-dol Lee game. He likes fighting like this. 1227 01:05:44,273 --> 01:05:46,525 White must find something in the black area. 1228 01:05:46,609 --> 01:05:49,862 I think he already plans to try something. 1229 01:05:49,946 --> 01:05:52,782 So you believe in the ability of Se-dol Lee 1230 01:05:52,865 --> 01:05:55,117 to live in a very small area, right? 1231 01:05:55,201 --> 01:05:56,243 Yes. Yes. 1232 01:05:56,327 --> 01:05:58,204 There is a little potential there. 1233 01:05:58,621 --> 01:06:00,873 And I think, maybe he will try do something. 1234 01:06:00,957 --> 01:06:02,541 - Magic Se-dol Lee! - Good. 1235 01:06:02,959 --> 01:06:05,711 Oh, what will happen magic moves? 1236 01:06:05,795 --> 01:06:07,588 Se-dol Lee runs out of time, 1237 01:06:07,672 --> 01:06:09,590 but he must use all the time. 1238 01:06:09,674 --> 01:06:12,426 Yes, he just caught fire, like, seven or eight minutes, 1239 01:06:12,510 --> 01:06:13,886 only in this step. 1240 01:06:14,512 --> 01:06:15,930 I don't see anything. 1241 01:06:16,973 --> 01:06:18,849 We can't find anything. 1242 01:06:18,933 --> 01:06:20,226 Show us something. 1243 01:06:20,685 --> 01:06:22,144 I don't see the possibility of moving. 1244 01:06:22,228 --> 01:06:24,063 Is that Se-dol Lee here? 1245 01:06:24,146 --> 01:06:25,940 Yes, he really concentrates. 1246 01:06:26,023 --> 01:06:27,483 He really is. Look at that. 1247 01:06:28,734 --> 01:06:30,236 Se-dol Lee is very patient. 1248 01:06:30,319 --> 01:06:32,863 He waits. He is waiting for the moment. 1249 01:06:33,656 --> 01:06:36,158 I feel, sometimes, he is like a wolf, 1250 01:06:36,659 --> 01:06:40,121 waiting in the forest, in winter. 1251 01:06:41,414 --> 01:06:43,541 He is cold. He is very, very cold. 1252 01:06:44,333 --> 01:06:45,835 But he needs patience. 1253 01:06:45,918 --> 01:06:48,045 But, when the time comes, 1254 01:06:48,129 --> 01:06:50,464 he comes out to attack. 1255 01:06:51,841 --> 01:06:54,010 This is part of the game. 1256 01:06:54,093 --> 01:06:55,093 Oh 1257 01:06:55,177 --> 01:06:56,929 Look at the movement. That's an interesting step. 1258 01:06:57,096 --> 01:06:59,640 - Basically, I believe this time... - He found slices. 1259 01:06:59,724 --> 01:07:00,725 Whoa. 1260 01:07:00,808 --> 01:07:03,686 This will change the equation 1261 01:07:03,769 --> 01:07:05,438 because now black can't escape. 1262 01:07:05,521 --> 01:07:07,189 That would be really cool if it worked. 1263 01:07:11,193 --> 01:07:12,193 Oh! 1264 01:07:14,447 --> 01:07:17,783 AlphaGo just played something that might be unusual. 1265 01:07:18,242 --> 01:07:21,662 You know, I'm not really sure what AlphaGo is trying to do here. 1266 01:07:21,746 --> 01:07:22,788 What is that about? 1267 01:07:22,872 --> 01:07:24,498 I don't really understand it. 1268 01:07:24,582 --> 01:07:25,458 Well, alright. 1269 01:07:25,541 --> 01:07:28,294 That is a sharp decline in the level of victory. 1270 01:07:28,377 --> 01:07:30,880 That is the sharpest decline in the level of victory we have seen. 1271 01:07:31,380 --> 01:07:33,799 He dropped eight percent. 1272 01:07:33,883 --> 01:07:35,092 - Wow. - Wow. 1273 01:07:36,052 --> 01:07:39,180 This could be actually can't find a way. 1274 01:07:39,263 --> 01:07:40,365 - I think this... - Uh huh. 1275 01:07:40,389 --> 01:07:43,100 That already looks far enough ahead to see that it doesn't work, 1276 01:07:43,184 --> 01:07:44,935 and now it might be skewed. I do not know. 1277 01:07:45,728 --> 01:07:47,146 That he came. 1278 01:07:47,229 --> 01:07:49,190 - That's one time. - He came. 1279 01:07:49,273 --> 01:07:51,734 It looks like it's falling off a cliff. 1280 01:07:52,568 --> 01:07:54,695 - Yes, it has made a mistake. - Yes 1281 01:07:54,779 --> 01:07:56,572 Is there anything strange happening in... 1282 01:07:56,989 --> 01:07:58,449 - No, everything looks normal. - Yes 1283 01:07:58,532 --> 01:08:01,077 Well, we certainly can say there are weaknesses. 1284 01:08:01,702 --> 01:08:03,382 Well, we definitely say there is an error. 1285 01:08:04,789 --> 01:08:09,168 I feel this mixture this feeling of sinking in my stomach, 1286 01:08:09,251 --> 01:08:12,588 where I wonder if AlphaGo is delusional in this situation. 1287 01:08:12,671 --> 01:08:14,965 Where can I see that it starts to play weird, 1288 01:08:15,341 --> 01:08:17,259 and at the same time, is relieved, that Se-dol Lee, 1289 01:08:17,343 --> 01:08:19,970 that he really has a chance now. 1290 01:08:21,597 --> 01:08:24,350 Just like trying not to look horrified. 1291 01:08:26,143 --> 01:08:30,439 I know after moving 78, after, like, 10 or 20 movements, 1292 01:08:30,815 --> 01:08:33,859 I see AlphaGo's strange movement. 1293 01:08:33,943 --> 01:08:38,405 And, I know AlphaGo somehow has gone crazy, but I don't realize why. 1294 01:08:38,489 --> 01:08:40,157 What? 1295 01:08:40,241 --> 01:08:43,202 We searched 95 ahead at that time? 1296 01:08:43,285 --> 01:08:44,805 Which part makes a mistake? 1297 01:08:45,246 --> 01:08:47,206 - Yes. - I think something is wrong. 1298 01:08:47,289 --> 01:08:49,559 That is the longest one that is searched the whole game, right? 1299 01:08:49,583 --> 01:08:50,417 Yes. 1300 01:08:50,501 --> 01:08:52,169 I think it's like that looking so deep, 1301 01:08:52,253 --> 01:08:54,213 - It has disappeared itself. - Already exhausted. 1302 01:08:55,256 --> 01:08:56,465 I get the impression 1303 01:08:56,549 --> 01:08:58,884 that AlphaGo has some kind, go with a touch. 1304 01:08:58,968 --> 01:09:02,012 - What is being done now? - Well, maybe it has a master plan. 1305 01:09:02,096 --> 01:09:04,557 No, that's never thought of, isn't it? 1306 01:09:04,640 --> 01:09:08,269 So he knows it has made a mistake, and starts evaluating it in another way. 1307 01:09:08,769 --> 01:09:11,147 Look, look, Lee is confused. He is like, "What is he doing?" 1308 01:09:11,230 --> 01:09:14,108 It's not "I'm afraid" confused, it is "What is he doing?" 1309 01:09:14,191 --> 01:09:15,442 What is happening? 1310 01:09:15,818 --> 01:09:17,319 You know, you ask if it's a bug. 1311 01:09:17,820 --> 01:09:20,656 I have said before that if... 1312 01:09:20,739 --> 01:09:23,492 - Yes right. That's what I thought. - If DeepMind already knows 1313 01:09:23,576 --> 01:09:26,162 how to write code that has no bugs, 1314 01:09:26,245 --> 01:09:28,539 that is news that is bigger than AlphaGo. 1315 01:09:28,622 --> 01:09:30,457 - Are you kidding me? - Hm? 1316 01:09:30,541 --> 01:09:32,710 This... Literally, this is the next step we will play, 1317 01:09:34,837 --> 01:09:37,715 I think they will laugh. I think Lee will laugh. 1318 01:09:46,182 --> 01:09:47,516 Oh! Oh! 1319 01:09:47,600 --> 01:09:48,601 What is this? 1320 01:09:49,977 --> 01:09:51,812 - Oh, that's ridiculous! - What is going on? 1321 01:09:51,896 --> 01:09:53,272 What is he thinking about? 1322 01:09:53,606 --> 01:09:55,858 I really don't know what AlphaGo is trying to do here. 1323 01:09:57,151 --> 01:09:58,819 That's an understatement this year. 1324 01:09:59,320 --> 01:10:00,571 Is this mouse misclick 1325 01:10:00,654 --> 01:10:02,364 - From Aja Huang? - No, that's the step. 1326 01:10:02,448 --> 01:10:03,908 Aja Huang made no mistake. 1327 01:10:04,909 --> 01:10:06,535 Se-dol Lee is very confused. 1328 01:10:06,994 --> 01:10:08,621 This is not a human movement. 1329 01:10:08,704 --> 01:10:12,208 This step also cannot be explained. 1330 01:10:12,291 --> 01:10:15,628 I mean, that, you can clearly call that mistake. 1331 01:10:15,711 --> 01:10:16,629 Yes of course. 1332 01:10:16,712 --> 01:10:18,881 But this is the first time in four matches 1333 01:10:18,964 --> 01:10:20,724 - That we have seen such a movement. - Correct. 1334 01:10:20,799 --> 01:10:22,593 Oh, the value drops even more. 1335 01:10:23,385 --> 01:10:24,386 That's weird. 1336 01:10:25,221 --> 01:10:26,680 They are like 45%. 1337 01:10:28,724 --> 01:10:29,724 White. 1338 01:10:29,975 --> 01:10:32,228 - White. - I think white wins. 1339 01:10:32,311 --> 01:10:34,063 Come on, Se-dol Lee. 1340 01:10:34,146 --> 01:10:37,024 - This can't be trusted. - Yes alright! 1341 01:10:37,107 --> 01:10:41,695 I am very sure that this black region will only be consolidated by black, 1342 01:10:41,779 --> 01:10:42,905 and there is nothing there. 1343 01:10:42,988 --> 01:10:46,283 And somehow, he just deleted everything. Like, it's gone. 1344 01:10:46,367 --> 01:10:47,743 So, he has discovered his weaknesses. 1345 01:10:47,826 --> 01:10:50,329 That economical step might surprise him. 1346 01:10:50,412 --> 01:10:51,747 - Block it, huh. - Yes 1347 01:10:51,830 --> 01:10:54,375 Looks like AlphaGo has a good game, then... 1348 01:10:54,458 --> 01:10:57,878 this whole sequence in the middle sort of change that. 1349 01:10:57,962 --> 01:10:59,797 He draws miracles. 1350 01:11:00,130 --> 01:11:01,757 He managed to make it complicated 1351 01:11:01,840 --> 01:11:05,344 that artificial intelligence does not evaluate it correctly. 1352 01:11:05,427 --> 01:11:08,055 I think it looks like Aja Huang maybe, sit there, 1353 01:11:08,138 --> 01:11:10,015 also knows that the game is over. 1354 01:11:10,432 --> 01:11:13,060 I can't... I can't stop smiling. 1355 01:11:13,602 --> 01:11:14,895 Does he smile? 1356 01:11:14,979 --> 01:11:16,647 No, I haven't seen it smile. 1357 01:11:17,106 --> 01:11:19,191 - I think he is still checking. - He is very serious. 1358 01:11:19,275 --> 01:11:20,526 He's very serious. 1359 01:11:20,609 --> 01:11:22,861 - He wants to be careful. - Yes 1360 01:11:22,945 --> 01:11:25,447 He is very worried. 1361 01:11:25,531 --> 01:11:26,991 He really does the best. 1362 01:11:27,783 --> 01:11:30,244 I think he feels like he has a sense... 1363 01:11:30,953 --> 01:11:34,290 uh, responsibility, or burden. 1364 01:11:34,873 --> 01:11:36,542 I think it's almost over. 1365 01:11:37,209 --> 01:11:38,419 So, what percentage? 1366 01:11:38,502 --> 01:11:40,713 This shows as 18.2%. 1367 01:11:40,796 --> 01:11:42,715 The next step must be to resign. 1368 01:11:46,885 --> 01:11:49,471 Here it is. AlphaGo resigns. 1369 01:11:51,974 --> 01:11:54,226 - Looks like AlphaGo has resigned. - Wow. 1370 01:11:55,352 --> 01:11:57,271 The most amazing game. 1371 01:11:58,981 --> 01:12:03,068 I will almost cry, are, uh, Game Four... 1372 01:12:03,152 --> 01:12:05,654 um, where did he come back and win, right? 1373 01:12:05,738 --> 01:12:07,072 That resigns! 1374 01:12:09,867 --> 01:12:11,452 I'm very happy! 1375 01:12:17,583 --> 01:12:19,918 I hear people shouting joyfully 1376 01:12:20,002 --> 01:12:22,546 when it's clear that AlphaGo has lost the game. 1377 01:12:23,047 --> 01:12:24,715 I think it's clear why. 1378 01:12:26,258 --> 01:12:28,427 People feel helpless and scared. 1379 01:12:29,219 --> 01:12:32,222 It looks like we humans are very weak and fragile. 1380 01:12:33,265 --> 01:12:35,976 And this victory means... 1381 01:12:36,810 --> 01:12:40,898 we can still hold our property. 1382 01:12:40,981 --> 01:12:43,901 Over time, maybe it will happen very difficult to defeat AI. 1383 01:12:44,610 --> 01:12:50,282 But just winning this time, feels like it's enough. 1384 01:12:51,367 --> 01:12:52,743 One time is enough. 1385 01:12:53,369 --> 01:12:55,746 I hear from many people who say 1386 01:12:55,829 --> 01:12:58,374 they ran out on the road. 1387 01:12:58,457 --> 01:13:00,000 They are very happy. 1388 01:13:00,084 --> 01:13:02,211 They sing, they celebrate. 1389 01:13:02,294 --> 01:13:05,172 Especially after zero-three down, 1390 01:13:05,547 --> 01:13:10,469 at that time, it seems there is no hope, that the end of the world is coming, 1391 01:13:10,552 --> 01:13:11,720 but we see light. 1392 01:13:11,970 --> 01:13:13,514 Usually... 1393 01:13:13,597 --> 01:13:17,643 I am happy when I win, not when my partner wins. 1394 01:13:18,227 --> 01:13:21,897 But, this time, it feels like my victory. 1395 01:13:21,980 --> 01:13:24,400 I don't want to move that AlphaGo can predict. 1396 01:13:24,483 --> 01:13:25,526 This section... 1397 01:13:26,485 --> 01:13:29,196 That doesn't anticipate this wedge step. 1398 01:13:30,155 --> 01:13:31,698 I won one match at least. 1399 01:13:32,741 --> 01:13:33,826 Good work today. 1400 01:14:02,271 --> 01:14:04,690 But I don't expect it to be like this. 1401 01:14:04,773 --> 01:14:06,150 1402 01:14:06,692 --> 01:14:08,819 I don't believe I won one match. 1403 01:14:08,902 --> 01:14:11,321 That can't be trusted. 1404 01:14:11,905 --> 01:14:12,990 Thank you very much. 1405 01:14:14,324 --> 01:14:17,995 I have never congratulated to win one match. 1406 01:14:18,745 --> 01:14:22,499 After losing three games in a row, I can't be happier. 1407 01:14:25,377 --> 01:14:30,090 This victory is very valuable that I will not exchange it 1408 01:14:30,174 --> 01:14:32,885 for anything in the world. 1409 01:14:33,343 --> 01:14:36,597 My question is about moving number 78. 1410 01:14:36,680 --> 01:14:39,933 Chinese top Go Player Gu Li said it was a god game. 1411 01:14:40,017 --> 01:14:42,519 What do you think when you make the game? Thank you. 1412 01:14:42,895 --> 01:14:45,189 At that time in the game, 1413 01:14:45,272 --> 01:14:48,150 moving 78 is the only step I can see. 1414 01:14:48,233 --> 01:14:50,611 There are no other placements. 1415 01:14:50,694 --> 01:14:53,614 That's the only choice for me, so I put it there. 1416 01:14:53,697 --> 01:14:57,367 I am very flattered by all that praise I get for it. 1417 01:14:58,243 --> 01:15:01,663 That leaves me a little amazed at the power of the human brain, 1418 01:15:01,747 --> 01:15:05,584 In particular, Lee's extraordinary abilities caused AlphaGo problems and find something seems from nothing. 1419 01:15:05,667 --> 01:15:08,337 So, we really want it to understand what has happened. 1420 01:15:08,420 --> 01:15:10,589 So, is that really Lee's move? 1421 01:15:11,298 --> 01:15:13,091 The key is central. 1422 01:15:13,175 --> 01:15:14,176 After the center comes out, there is no chance. 1423 01:15:14,259 --> 01:15:15,945 Come to come. 1424 01:15:15,969 --> 01:15:16,887 We won before this. 1425 01:15:16,970 --> 01:15:18,388 But if AlphaGo thinks it's won 1426 01:15:19,097 --> 01:15:20,682 and that can't change that victory, that means it doesn't really win. 1427 01:15:20,766 --> 01:15:24,019 Otherwise, it will happen the right response. 1428 01:15:24,102 --> 01:15:25,955 Will we play it? 1429 01:15:25,979 --> 01:15:27,105 Steel nerves there. 1430 01:15:27,189 --> 01:15:28,357 What probability does it give as white? 1431 01:15:28,440 --> 01:15:30,192 1432 01:15:33,445 --> 01:15:36,532 It's 0.007%... 1433 01:15:36,615 --> 01:15:38,283 Is it in the position he plays? 1434 01:15:38,367 --> 01:15:39,636 - That's when he played it. - I see. 1435 01:15:39,660 --> 01:15:41,971 - We think this is a 1 in 10,000 movement. - I know it's like... 1436 01:15:41,995 --> 01:15:43,635 - Yes - Values that we don't know. 1437 01:15:45,499 --> 01:15:48,585 - So the god moves literally is the step of the god, - Yes 1438 01:15:48,669 --> 01:15:51,380 because we believe which is only one in 10,000 human beings 1439 01:15:51,463 --> 01:15:53,066 - will find that step. - Right. 1440 01:15:53,090 --> 01:15:55,384 That doesn't come to mind as... 1441 01:15:55,467 --> 01:15:57,803 in the top five steps that you will consider. 1442 01:15:57,886 --> 01:15:59,906 Except you Se-dol Lee, he said that was the only step. 1443 01:15:59,930 --> 01:16:02,891 He thinks it's the only step. Yes, amazing, right? 1444 01:16:06,645 --> 01:16:08,814 Welcome back to Four Seasons. 1445 01:16:08,897 --> 01:16:10,732 World Champion Se-dol Lee 1446 01:16:10,816 --> 01:16:16,113 go looking for AlphaGo weaknesses in Game Four, and he finds it. 1447 01:16:16,196 --> 01:16:20,742 Today, the last round, he wants to see if he can repeat it. 1448 01:16:20,826 --> 01:16:21,994 We will see what happens. 1449 01:16:22,077 --> 01:16:23,704 Place is a crazy house downstairs. 1450 01:16:23,787 --> 01:16:26,582 Maybe as many, if not more, reporters here today 1451 01:16:26,665 --> 01:16:28,584 than there is for Game One. 1452 01:16:29,793 --> 01:16:32,254 We are very excited for the fifth match, 1453 01:16:32,337 --> 01:16:33,505 to see what will happen. 1454 01:16:33,589 --> 01:16:36,842 Will this be three or two things or will it be a four one thing? 1455 01:16:36,925 --> 01:16:39,803 And, you know, there are different messages with both. 1456 01:16:41,013 --> 01:16:44,433 For me, I don't think AlphaGo will make a mistake again. 1457 01:16:45,350 --> 01:16:46,476 But who knows. 1458 01:16:47,311 --> 01:16:48,437 Maybe it will happen again. 1459 01:16:49,146 --> 01:16:53,066 And Se-dol Lee is now more confident about this. 1460 01:16:53,150 --> 01:16:58,739 It seems, maybe, Se-dol Lee has found the key in solving AlphaGo. 1461 01:16:59,364 --> 01:17:00,407 Oh, this works! 1462 01:17:03,035 --> 01:17:06,246 Is it fair to say that AlphaGo made a mistake? 1463 01:17:06,330 --> 01:17:07,770 We might have another victory today. 1464 01:17:07,831 --> 01:17:11,084 You are not crazy about time at this step. 1465 01:17:11,168 --> 01:17:14,171 - Yes - And now, you don't approve of this. 1466 01:17:14,838 --> 01:17:17,299 Yes, I kind of thought it might be AlphaGo 1467 01:17:17,382 --> 01:17:19,509 hasn't recovered from Game Four yet. Yes. 1468 01:17:20,052 --> 01:17:21,136 Still deceived? 1469 01:17:21,845 --> 01:17:22,971 We don't know. 1470 01:17:23,513 --> 01:17:24,640 Oh no, I hope he doesn't... 1471 01:17:24,723 --> 01:17:26,892 No, no, he must play... 1472 01:17:29,436 --> 01:17:31,688 He plays several movements. 1473 01:17:31,772 --> 01:17:32,773 That is a bad step. 1474 01:17:32,856 --> 01:17:33,857 I feel something. 1475 01:17:33,940 --> 01:17:36,777 Oh, maybe the weaknesses have returned. 1476 01:17:36,902 --> 01:17:39,863 Do we see other short circuits? 1477 01:17:39,946 --> 01:17:42,074 Or something, what... 1478 01:17:42,157 --> 01:17:44,117 I think that can happen sort of misreading. 1479 01:17:44,910 --> 01:17:46,244 And we are... 1480 01:17:46,328 --> 01:17:48,088 You are comfortable enough by saying that... 1481 01:17:48,121 --> 01:17:49,831 That looks good for Se-dol Lee? 1482 01:17:49,915 --> 01:17:51,416 This looks good for Se-dol Lee. 1483 01:17:54,044 --> 01:17:55,420 What does he play there for? 1484 01:17:55,504 --> 01:17:58,006 There is no reason for white to play the movement. 1485 01:17:58,090 --> 01:17:59,466 This is a bad step. 1486 01:17:59,549 --> 01:18:02,386 And in some cases, it will lose points too. 1487 01:18:02,469 --> 01:18:04,596 That's exactly the same. 1488 01:18:04,680 --> 01:18:06,139 It's 91% certain now. 1489 01:18:06,223 --> 01:18:08,225 Someone told me maybe that... 1490 01:18:08,308 --> 01:18:10,268 Yes, because it's wrong again. 1491 01:18:11,978 --> 01:18:13,647 The whole game, we think that AlphaGo 1492 01:18:13,730 --> 01:18:15,130 wrong about board positions. 1493 01:18:15,190 --> 01:18:18,193 We are very worried, "Oh, this will play rubbish. 1494 01:18:18,276 --> 01:18:20,445 It will be like losing in a very embarrassing way." 1495 01:18:20,529 --> 01:18:22,489 And this continues for the whole game. 1496 01:18:23,323 --> 01:18:24,324 This is a bit strange. 1497 01:18:25,158 --> 01:18:26,576 - When does it play it? - Just. 1498 01:18:26,660 --> 01:18:29,097 - So I don't know. I mean, it's not... - Well, we don't know. 1499 01:18:29,121 --> 01:18:31,182 But we're not good enough Go players to know that, right? 1500 01:18:31,206 --> 01:18:32,040 Yes. 1501 01:18:32,124 --> 01:18:34,626 Apparently, none of us know. Good enough 1502 01:18:34,710 --> 01:18:36,920 to accurately assess what AlphaGo is doing. 1503 01:18:37,003 --> 01:18:38,380 White people win now. 1504 01:18:38,463 --> 01:18:39,943 This one looks like white wins. 1505 01:18:41,133 --> 01:18:42,008 Ah! 1506 01:18:42,092 --> 01:18:46,888 We all say some AlphaGo movements are very strange and strange, 1507 01:18:46,972 --> 01:18:48,390 and maybe an error. 1508 01:18:48,682 --> 01:18:51,977 But after the match is over, 1509 01:18:52,060 --> 01:18:56,148 we must doubt ourselves, our judgment. 1510 01:18:56,231 --> 01:18:59,401 AlphaGo makes another type of entry that doesn't make sense. 1511 01:18:59,985 --> 01:19:01,379 I'm not so sure about what it is. 1512 01:19:01,403 --> 01:19:03,947 This is 10 or maybe playing 11-and it seems. 1513 01:19:04,030 --> 01:19:06,700 It seems strange, and we don't understand it. 1514 01:19:06,783 --> 01:19:10,245 I think it's very important to learn more 1515 01:19:10,328 --> 01:19:13,832 about AlphaGo error-like movements. 1516 01:19:13,915 --> 01:19:17,878 Then maybe we can adjust our knowledge about Go. 1517 01:19:17,961 --> 01:19:21,673 For me, the most amazing thing is to get out of my understanding of Go 1518 01:19:21,757 --> 01:19:23,383 as a result of watching AlphaGo 1519 01:19:23,467 --> 01:19:26,052 is the famous "slack movement". 1520 01:19:26,136 --> 01:19:27,471 There is something strange 1521 01:19:27,554 --> 01:19:29,097 - about how to play it, - Yes 1522 01:19:29,181 --> 01:19:32,058 because it plays some movements that are not really needed. 1523 01:19:32,142 --> 01:19:32,976 Right. 1524 01:19:33,059 --> 01:19:36,062 "Slack movement" is a step it looks lazy. 1525 01:19:36,146 --> 01:19:39,900 You can see this other better movement, and AlphaGo reject it. 1526 01:19:39,983 --> 01:19:43,320 But, what I thought AlphaGo taught us 1527 01:19:43,403 --> 01:19:49,534 is we use the score as a proxy for the possibility of winning. 1528 01:19:49,618 --> 01:19:52,621 So the greater the margin of my area, 1529 01:19:52,704 --> 01:19:54,706 the more confident I am if I will win. 1530 01:19:54,790 --> 01:19:56,416 And AlphaGo said, "No, no, no. 1531 01:19:56,500 --> 01:19:58,251 It shouldn't matter how much you win, 1532 01:19:58,335 --> 01:20:00,462 You only need to win by one point. need it? " 1533 01:20:00,545 --> 01:20:03,465 The lessons AlphaGo teaches us 1534 01:20:03,548 --> 01:20:05,926 will affect how Go is played for the next thousand years. 1535 01:20:06,009 --> 01:20:11,598 With my calculations, white wins this game. 1536 01:20:12,098 --> 01:20:14,518 How... How much? Do we speak two points? 1537 01:20:14,601 --> 01:20:17,562 - One half. - One and a half points. 1538 01:20:17,646 --> 01:20:19,564 One and a half. Maybe half, one half. 1539 01:20:19,981 --> 01:20:22,192 Of course, Go is just a game, but we can learn important lessons 1540 01:20:22,275 --> 01:20:25,737 from a computer that is so successful at Go. 1541 01:20:25,821 --> 01:20:28,573 1542 01:20:28,657 --> 01:20:31,910 The machine will have the ability not only to crunch 1543 01:20:31,993 --> 01:20:36,331 through a large amount of data, but also analyze it intelligently. 1544 01:20:36,665 --> 01:20:39,251 Just as in the case of the Go game, 1545 01:20:39,334 --> 01:20:42,712 machines are made to move even surprise experts. 1546 01:20:42,796 --> 01:20:45,465 And, finally, those machines will get our confidence 1547 01:20:45,549 --> 01:20:47,759 because we will see it often, very often 1548 01:20:47,843 --> 01:20:50,846 they make better guesses than we can make as humans. 1549 01:20:53,849 --> 01:20:55,684 AlphaGo has a strong foundation. 1550 01:21:01,648 --> 01:21:03,149 What surprised me the most was... 1551 01:21:03,608 --> 01:21:05,360 the AlphaGo shows us 1552 01:21:05,443 --> 01:21:09,072 that moves people might think creative, truly conventional. 1553 01:21:09,781 --> 01:21:14,828 I think this will bring a new paradigm for Go. 1554 01:21:14,911 --> 01:21:18,248 AlphaGo wins this area too? Oh, my God. 1555 01:21:18,331 --> 01:21:22,544 - That makes me very uncomfortable. - Oh! 1556 01:21:22,627 --> 01:21:25,088 Unfortunately, for Se-dol Lee, 1557 01:21:25,171 --> 01:21:27,424 I think it might be white a little profit here. 1558 01:21:27,507 --> 01:21:30,176 White lights light up in several places, but if we count them like that, that's 1.5. 1559 01:21:30,260 --> 01:21:31,887 They keep saying one and a half points. 1560 01:21:31,970 --> 01:21:33,805 How do you know Korean space have called it? 1561 01:21:33,889 --> 01:21:35,432 Someone, um... 1562 01:21:36,016 --> 01:21:38,101 - Who told us Korea was calling it? - I do not know. 1563 01:21:38,184 --> 01:21:39,936 Koreans tell you? 1564 01:21:40,020 --> 01:21:41,020 Koreans call it. 1565 01:21:41,062 --> 01:21:44,024 Korean space has called him for AlphaGo. 1566 01:21:44,107 --> 01:21:47,360 We just want to know if a Korean person there can find out. 1567 01:21:49,070 --> 01:21:50,906 Korean space thinks AlphaGo wins. 1568 01:21:51,615 --> 01:21:53,241 "Win," okay, no... then don't win. 1569 01:21:53,325 --> 01:21:54,552 - That's what he said. - "Win." 1570 01:21:54,576 --> 01:21:56,016 He said they called him there. 1571 01:22:01,499 --> 01:22:03,168 AlphaGo says it will resign. 1572 01:22:03,251 --> 01:22:04,669 - What... - No, I'm just kidding. 1573 01:22:06,338 --> 01:22:08,214 Jesus, I almost had a heart attack. 1574 01:22:08,798 --> 01:22:10,467 That's ridiculous. 1575 01:22:11,217 --> 01:22:13,345 That's very good. 1576 01:22:13,428 --> 01:22:14,763 - Good game. - Yes 1577 01:22:14,846 --> 01:22:16,139 - Good game. - Not too. 1578 01:22:16,222 --> 01:22:19,309 I can't do it too long. I can't think like that. 1579 01:22:19,392 --> 01:22:21,436 David, you have waited two years to do that. 1580 01:22:21,519 --> 01:22:23,688 He needs to do that. 1581 01:22:23,772 --> 01:22:26,316 We don't know the score. We don't know what happened, right? 1582 01:22:27,150 --> 01:22:28,360 Two and a half points. 1583 01:22:28,443 --> 01:22:30,243 Lee is two and a half points behind, the least. 1584 01:22:31,488 --> 01:22:33,198 Farewell in the middle, 1585 01:22:33,281 --> 01:22:35,116 very difficult to... Very difficult to... 1586 01:22:35,200 --> 01:22:38,119 Lee touches the bowl. 1587 01:22:38,203 --> 01:22:39,996 It looks like he is considering resigning. 1588 01:22:40,080 --> 01:22:41,998 Yes. I thought he was thinking of resigning. 1589 01:22:53,176 --> 01:22:54,511 - Did he resign? - He resigned. 1590 01:22:54,594 --> 01:22:56,054 Hm? What does he have? 1591 01:22:56,137 --> 01:22:57,555 I think he resigned. 1592 01:22:57,639 --> 01:23:00,517 - He resigns? - I think he resigned. Look. 1593 01:23:01,851 --> 01:23:03,812 - He moved everything there. - What? 1594 01:23:03,895 --> 01:23:04,896 He plays white. 1595 01:23:04,980 --> 01:23:06,147 It looks relaxed. 1596 01:23:06,231 --> 01:23:08,066 - Yes, he has resigned. - He has resigned. 1597 01:23:08,149 --> 01:23:09,275 Yes, he gave up. 1598 01:23:09,359 --> 01:23:11,861 - Good. There he is. He has given up. - Yes 1599 01:23:13,071 --> 01:23:14,906 - Yes! - Yes! 1600 01:23:23,623 --> 01:23:27,460 I mean, I think it's really is a once in a lifetime thing. 1601 01:23:27,877 --> 01:23:31,589 I will say that is the most amazing thing, You know, I have experience. 1602 01:23:32,298 --> 01:23:34,759 You know, for us, that is the culmination of a 20-year dream. 1603 01:23:35,343 --> 01:23:39,055 This starts as a pure research effort. 1604 01:23:39,139 --> 01:23:42,350 We just want to understand. Can the neural network play the Go game? 1605 01:23:42,434 --> 01:23:47,981 And from there, it continues to a level that I never expected. 1606 01:23:48,481 --> 01:23:51,568 And, I'm extraordinarily proud of the team. 1607 01:23:52,944 --> 01:23:55,155 When I start doing artificial intelligence, 1608 01:23:55,238 --> 01:23:57,699 that was four or five years ago, 1609 01:23:57,782 --> 01:23:59,617 and I am very interested in that, 1610 01:23:59,701 --> 01:24:01,578 but, like, many people will break my spirit, 1611 01:24:01,661 --> 01:24:03,663 and they will say, okay, there is no future. 1612 01:24:03,747 --> 01:24:07,125 So, really seeing that in five years 1613 01:24:07,208 --> 01:24:09,169 we are at this stage now, 1614 01:24:09,294 --> 01:24:10,795 it's amazing by itself. 1615 01:24:10,879 --> 01:24:12,756 Everyone says, "Nine and." 1616 01:24:12,839 --> 01:24:14,090 - Nine and! - Nine and! 1617 01:24:14,174 --> 01:24:15,300 Kimchi! 1618 01:24:16,051 --> 01:24:18,428 There are lots of possible application domains 1619 01:24:18,511 --> 01:24:22,766 where creativity, in different dimensions for what humans can do, 1620 01:24:22,849 --> 01:24:24,476 can be very valuable to us. 1621 01:24:24,893 --> 01:24:26,653 And I like to have more those moments 1622 01:24:26,728 --> 01:24:29,814 where we look back and say, "Yes, it's like moving 37. 1623 01:24:29,898 --> 01:24:31,900 Something beautiful happens there." 1624 01:24:32,192 --> 01:24:35,862 At least in the broadest sense, move 37 children step 78, 1625 01:24:35,945 --> 01:24:40,784 gave birth to a new attitude on Se-dol Lee, new ways to see the game. 1626 01:24:41,785 --> 01:24:45,163 He was repaired through this machine. 1627 01:24:45,663 --> 01:24:51,211 Its nature is expanded after playing this lifeless creation. 1628 01:24:51,294 --> 01:24:53,755 And the hope is, that machine, 1629 01:24:53,838 --> 01:24:55,924 and specifically, the technology behind it, 1630 01:24:56,007 --> 01:24:58,635 can have the same effect as all of us. 1631 01:25:00,178 --> 01:25:03,723 I remember hearing talks by Kasparov, who said that, uh, 1632 01:25:03,807 --> 01:25:07,811 good humans plus machines are the best combination. 1633 01:25:09,479 --> 01:25:11,856 This is a unique experience. 1634 01:25:12,982 --> 01:25:14,859 No one can have this experience 1635 01:25:14,943 --> 01:25:16,986 playing with AlphaGo, five games like this. 1636 01:25:17,403 --> 01:25:22,951 So, I hope Se-dol Lee can find it something in these five matches. 1637 01:25:23,034 --> 01:25:25,286 Maybe some changes in the game. 1638 01:25:26,246 --> 01:25:29,040 I see today how he continues to fight. 1639 01:25:29,582 --> 01:25:30,583 SE-DOL LEE 2016-03-15 1640 01:25:30,667 --> 01:25:31,835 He is very good, 1641 01:25:31,918 --> 01:25:34,170 a master, a very great master. 1642 01:25:36,089 --> 01:25:37,757 I have grown 1643 01:25:37,841 --> 01:25:39,634 through this experience. 1644 01:25:39,717 --> 01:25:44,889 I will make something from it with the lessons I learned. 1645 01:25:45,390 --> 01:25:49,894 I feel grateful and feel like that 1646 01:25:50,478 --> 01:25:54,607 I have found the reason I play Go. 1647 01:25:54,691 --> 01:25:59,070 I realize it's really a good choice, learn to play Go. 1648 01:26:00,238 --> 01:26:06,494 This is an unforgettable experience. 1649 01:26:09,581 --> 01:26:11,416 This event is complete, 1650 01:26:11,499 --> 01:26:14,836 but for the story, maybe, this is just the beginning. 1651 01:26:14,919 --> 01:26:15,919 We don't know. 1652 01:26:19,966 --> 01:26:23,011 Only when I play with AlphaGo, he shows me something. 1653 01:26:23,261 --> 01:26:25,471 I feel something beautiful. There he is. 1654 01:26:26,723 --> 01:26:30,977 I see the world differently, before everything starts. 1655 01:26:32,437 --> 01:26:35,732 What exactly is behind the Go game? 1656 01:26:36,524 --> 01:26:39,611 What is that, it can change my game. 1657 01:26:43,198 --> 01:26:47,076 Maybe it can only show people something we have never found. 1658 01:26:48,828 --> 01:26:50,705 Maybe, there is beauty. Delivered by: www.subtitlecinema.com